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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sscm</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1226-4075</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">2287-786X</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>The Society Of Sasang Constitutional Medicine</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">HSSSBH_2014_v26n4_339</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7730/JSCM.2014.26.4.339</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>Articles</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>환자용 사상체질설문지(SSCQ-P) 축소화에 관한 연구</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>A Study about a Short-form of the Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient (SSCQ-P)</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" rid="aff1">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>정</surname>
              <given-names>종훈</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Jeong</surname>
              <given-names>Jong-Hun</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" rid="aff1">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>전</surname>
              <given-names>수형</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Jeon</surname>
              <given-names>Soo-Hyung</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" rid="aff1">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>나</surname>
              <given-names>영주</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Na</surname>
              <given-names>Young-Ju</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" rid="aff1">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>강</surname>
              <given-names>석환</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kang</surname>
              <given-names>Seok-Hwan</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>동</surname>
              <given-names>상옥</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Dong</surname>
              <given-names>Sang-Oak</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">*</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>이</surname>
              <given-names>시우</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Lee</surname>
              <given-names>Si-Woo</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">*</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>김</surname>
              <given-names>규곤</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kim</surname>
              <given-names>Kyu-Kon</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">**</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" rid="aff1">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>김</surname>
              <given-names>종원</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kim</surname>
              <given-names>Jong-Won</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern">
              <surname>김</surname>
              <given-names>상혁</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kim</surname>
              <given-names>Sang-Hyuk</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">*</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
        <aff>동의대학교 한의과대학 사상체질과</aff>
        <aff xml:lang="en"><italic>Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dong Eui Univ.</italic></aff>
      </aff-alternatives>
      <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
        <aff>
          <label>*</label>한국한의학연구원 한의의료기술연구그룹
        </aff>
        <aff xml:lang="en">
          <label>*</label><italic>Korean Medicine Health Technology Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea</italic>
        </aff>
      </aff-alternatives>
      <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
        <aff>
          <label>**</label>동의대학교 데이터정보학과
        </aff>
        <aff xml:lang="en">
          <label>**</label><italic>Dept. of Data Information Science, Dong Eui Univ.</italic>
        </aff>
      </aff-alternatives>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="cor1" xml:lang="en">
          <bold>Corresponding Author</bold> Jong-Won Kim Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, Dong-eui University Korean Medical Hospital, 479-7 Shinjung-dong, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 680-011, Republic of Korea. E-mail: <email>jwonkim@deu.ac.kr</email>
        </corresp>
        <corresp id="cor2" xml:lang="en">
          <bold>Corresponding Author</bold> Sang-Hyuk Kim Korean Medicine Health Technology Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 483 Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea E-mail: <email>kataz@kiom.re.kr</email>
        </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="ppub">
        <day>31</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2014</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>26</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>339</fpage>
      <lpage>349</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2014</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x000a9; 2014, The Society Of Sasang Constitutional Medicine</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
        <license license-type="open-access">
          <license-p>This is an open acess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons attribution Non-commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <sec>
          <title>Objectives</title>
          <p>This study was performed to make a short-form of Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient(SSCQ-P).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods</title>
          <p>In order to select important questions of SSCQ-P, we got advice from 10 professors of Oriental Medicine. As a result, we chose 37 questions. In addition, we selected 69 questions which had been used more than 12 times in SSCQ-P as the variable.</p>
          <p>We used some statistical methods to reduce questions. Finally, a total of 40 questions were selected.</p>
          <p>To find diagnostic accuracy rate of this short-form, discriminant analysis was performed. We used 1378 cases which was collect ed from February 2008 to June 2013 by online system(Sasang-medi data which has selected by web site, http://www.sasangmedi.or.kr), and 68 cases which was collected from November 2006 to September 2007 by the research "Construction of a biological information collection system for the Constitutional scientific diagnosis"(Korea Constitutional Multicenter Bank data, KCMB data)</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results</title>
          <p>We made a short-form of SSCQ-P consisting of 40 questions. Diagnostic accuracy rate of short-form is 66.18% using Sasang-medi data, and 42.65% using KCMB data.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusions</title>
          <p>More cases are needed to improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of this short-form.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group kwd-group-type="author" xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>SSCQ-P</kwd>
        <kwd>Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagnostic Accuracy Rate</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec id="s1" sec-type="intro">
      <title>&#x2160;. 緖 論</title>
      <p>동무 이제마는 &#x300E;東醫壽世保元&#x300F; &#x300C;四端論&#x300D;에서 &#x201C;人稟臟理 有四不同&#x201D; 이라 하여 臟腑大小에 따라 사람은 차이가 있음을 이야기하였고, 이를 기준으로 사람을 태양인, 태음인, 소양인, 소음인으로 나누었다. 뿐만 아니라 각각의 四象人은 &#x201C;人趨心慾 有四不同&#x201D;이라하여 심리적으로도 차이가 존재하며 이러한 臟腑大小와 性情의 차이로 근본적인 생리&#x318D;병리적 특성이 다름을 주장하였다<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r001">1</xref></sup>.</p>
      <p>따라서 사상의학을 임상에 적용하기 위해서는 정확한 체질 진단이 무엇보다도 중요하다. 동무는 &#x300E;東醫壽世保元&#x300F; &#x300C;辨證論&#x300D;에서 사상인 구분을 위해 體形氣像, 容貌詞氣, 性質才幹, 病證藥理의 네 가지 진단방법을 제시하였으며 이 네 가지 요소를 총체적으로 종합 분석하여 체질을 감별하였다<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r001">1</xref></sup>.</p>
      <p>이를 객관적&#xB7;현대적으로 적용하기 위하여 체형 및 두면부 계측<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r002">2</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r009">9</xref></sup>, 생화학적 검사<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r010">10</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r012">12</xref></sup>, 유전자검사<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r013">13</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r014">14</xref></sup>, 진단기기 이용<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r015">15</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r018">18</xref></sup>, 기타방법<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r019">19</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r020">20</xref></sup>등 여러 가지 연구가 꾸준히 선행되었으나 이러한 연구들은 체질 분류에 심리적, 정신적 요소가 반영되지 못하였다는 한계를 가지고 있다.</p>
      <p>이를 보안하기 위하여 심리적 정신적 요소를 반영한 자기보고식 설문조사 방법을 이용한 체질진단방법이 있어왔다. 김<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r021">21</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r022">22</xref></sup>과 이<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r023">23</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r024">24</xref></sup>등의 연구를 통하여 사상체질분류검사지(QSCC)와 사상체질분류검사지(QSCC &#x2161;)가 개발되었으며, 2003년에는 QSCC &#x2161;의 문제점을 개선하기 위해 한국한의학연구원과 대한한의학회 사상체질의학회의 공동 개발을 통해 환자용-사상체질 설문 조사지(Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient)가 개발되었다<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r025">25</xref></sup>.</p>
      <p>Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient(SSCQ-P)는 기존 QSCC &#x2161;가 가지고 있던 체질진단의 내적요소에 편중되어 외적요소나 병적요소에 소홀하다는 점과 태양인에 대한 문항이 부족하다는 점을 개선하였으나, 문항수가 총 229문항으로 많다는 점과 진단 정확률이 떨어진다는 문제가 있다.</p>
      <p>특히, 문항수가 많다는 점은 긴 소요시간을 요구하여 환자의 불편을 야기할 수 있으며, 설문 작성시 환자의 집중력저하로 인하여 잘못된 답안을 작성 할 수 있다는 점에서 정확성 부분에서도 문제가 될 수 있다. 이러한 문제들은 SSCQ-P를 임상에서 사용하기에 제약이 되어왔다.</p>
      <p>이러한 견지에서 본 연구는 SSCQ-P의 문항수를 축소하기 위해 시행되었으며, 약간의 결과를 얻었기에 보고하는 바이다.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="s2" sec-type="other">
      <title>&#x2161;. 硏究對象 및 方法</title>
      <sec id="s2a">
        <title>1. Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patients(SSCQ-P)</title>
        <p>SSCQ-P는 기존 사상체질 설문지들의 단점을 보완하고자 2003년부터 2007년까지 대한한의학회 사상체질의학회와 한국한의학 연구원이 공동개발한 자기보고식 설문지이다<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r025">25</xref></sup>. 현재 이를 바탕으로 online system이 동반 개발되어 체질분석 뿐만 아니라 체질진단 표준화를 위한 자료수집이 지속적으로 이루어지고 있다.</p>
        <p>설문 문항은 &#x201C;그렇다/보통이다/아니다&#x201D;의 3점 척도형이며, 용모관련 56문항, 체형 35문항, 성격관련 54문항, 소증관련 84문항의 총 229문항으로 구성되어있다.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s2b">
        <title>2. 연구대상</title>
        <p>데이터 분석 대상은 2008년 2월부터 2013년 6월까지 Sasang-medi online system 설문프로그램을 이용한 한방의료기관에서 입력된 환자데이터 1378건과(이하 Sasang-medi data), 2006년 11월부터 2007년 10월까지 &#x201C;체질진단 과학화를 위한 생물학적 체질정보 수집 체계 구축&#x201D; 과제에서 수집된 체질확진자 데이터(Korea Constitutional Multicenter Bank data, 이하 KCMB data) 68건을 대상으로 하였다.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s2c">
        <title>3. 기본 문항 선정</title>
        <p>기본 문항은 전문가 의견상 중요하다고 생각된 문항과 판별함수에서 빈용된 문항을 선정 하였다.</p>
        <p>먼저 전문가 의견 반영을 위하여 전국 한의과대학 교수 16인을 대상으로 E-mail 자문을 구하였으며, 회신한 10인의 의견을 중심으로 분석하였다. 자문 요청 E-mail은 2013년 12월 20일에 발송하였고 최종적으로 2014년 1월 13일에 회신된 내용까지를 분석에 포함하였다.</p>
        <p>SSCQ-P의 229문항 중 여성에게만 해당하는 &#x201C;40대초에 조기 폐경되었다&#x201D;를 제외한 228문항 중 체질특화문항이라고 할 수 있는 문항을 각 체질별로 10-15문항 정도 선별하도록 하였으며. 3점 척도로 체크하는 SSCQ-P의 문항에서 &#x22;매우 그렇다&#x22;라고 응답했을 경우 그 체질이라고 볼 수 있는 문항을 고르도록 하였다.</p>
        <p>2차로 단순 자문내용으로 문항 선정 시 진단 정확률이 떨어질 가능성을 고려하여, 개발 당시 판별함수에 자주 사용된 문항 중 12회 이상 사용된 문항을 선정하여 추가하였다.</p>
        <p>앞선 두 단계를 통하여 선정된 문항을 다시 자문을 통하여 어느 체질의 문항인지 판단하여 어느 체질의 문항인지 정하기 어렵거나, 둘 이상의 체질에 해당하는 문항을 제외하여 기본 문항을 선정하였다.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s2d">
        <title>4. 문항 제외</title>
        <p>선정된 문항 중 결과 값에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있는 문항들을 제외하였다.</p>
        <p>먼저, 전체 1378명의 대상자가 체질에 관계없이 하나의 응답에 치우치는 경향을 보이는 문항은 정확한 체질 분류를 할 수 없는 문항으로 보아 제외하였다.</p>
        <p>다음으로 표준편차가 큰 문항은 판별 함수에 정확도를 떨어뜨리게 되므로, 가장 선정 문항수가 적은 태양인 문항수를 기준으로 각각 체질 설문 상 표준편차가 적은 순서대로 동수의 문항을 선정하였다.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s2e">
        <title>5. 최종문항 통계분석</title>
        <p>최종 선정된 문항을 기준으로 Short-from의 정확률을 비교하기 위하여 판별분석을 하였다. 판별분석은 40개 문항 및 BMI 변수를 포함하였다.</p>
        <p>통계 분석 패키지는 IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0을 이용 하였다.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="s3" sec-type="other">
      <title>&#x2162;. 硏究結果</title>
      <sec id="s3a">
        <title>1. 자문에 의해 선정된 문항</title>
        <p>SSCQ-P의 229문항중 여성에게만 해당하는 &#x201C;40대 초에 조기 폐경되었다&#x201D;를 제외한 228문항 중 56개 문항은 한 번도 선정되지 않았으며, 4인이상 일치하는 문항은 57개, 5인 이상 일치하는 문항은 37개로 조사되었다 (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t001">Table 1</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t001" position="float">
          <label>Table 1.</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Selected Questions by More than 5 Professors</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="../ingestImageView?artiId=ART001940590&amp;imageName=HSSSBH_2014_v26n4_339_t001.jpg" position="float"/>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s3b">
        <title>2. 판별함수에서 빈용된 문항</title>
        <p>SSCQ-P 개발을 위한 연구에서 전체, 성별, 나이, BMI, 성별+나이, 성별+BMI, 나이+BMI, 성별+나이+BMI를 고려하여 총 48개의 함수가 생성되었다. 선형판별함수의 계수가 안정화될 때까지 반복 시행하였으며, 이때 사용된 변수를 살펴 본 결과 평균 약 49개(최소 38개, 최대 72개)의 변수가 사용되었다. 본 연구에서는 변수의 수를 축소하는 것이 주목적이고 72개 이상의 변수가 선택되는 것은 의미가 없다고 판단하여, 전문가의 의견을 통하여 12회 이상 사용된 69개 문항을 선택하였다.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s3c">
        <title>3. 문항 취합</title>
        <p>전문가 자문을 통하여 5인 이상이 동일하게 응답한 문항 37개와 판별분석 에서 변수로 빈용된 69개 문항을 선정하였다. 그 중 겹치는 문항은 17개로 두 과정을 통하여 기본 89개 문항을 선정하였다.</p>
        <p>선정된 89개 문항이 적절한가와 4개 체질별로 치우침이 있는가를 확인하기 위하여 전문가 의견이 필요하였으며 자문을 통해 13개 문항은 확실하게 어느 체질의 설문문항인지를 판단하기 어렵거나 둘 이상의 체질 문항으로 판단되어, 나머지 76개의 문항을 최종 선정하였다.</p>
        <p>선정된 문항은 총 76문항으로, 태음인 21문항, 소음인 23문항, 소양인 19문항, 태양인 13문항이었다(<xref ref-type="table" rid="t002">Table 2</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t002" position="float">
          <label>Table 2.</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Selected Questions</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="../ingestImageView?artiId=ART001940590&amp;imageName=HSSSBH_2014_v26n4_339_t002.jpg" position="float"/>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <p>TY ; Taeyangin, SY ; Soyangin, TE ; Taeeumin, SE ; Soeumin</p>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s3d">
        <title>4. 선택 값이 지나친 문항 제외</title>
        <p>선정된 문항 중 전체 1378명의 대상자가 체질에 관계없이 하나의 응답에 치우치는 경향을 보이는 문항을 제외하였다. 하나의 응답에 치우친 문항은 체질 분류를 할 수 없는 문항으로 판단하여 제외를 한 것이며, 어디까지를 치우쳤다고 판단하느냐의 문제는 학자마다 다를 것이지만, 본 연구에서는 60% 이상을 선정하여 해당 문항을 제외하였다.</p>
        <p>76문항 중 태음인 3문항, 소음인 1문항, 소양인2문항, 태양인 3문항으로 총 10문항이 제외되었다. 제외된 문항과 각문항의 응답비율은 <xref ref-type="table" rid="t003">Table 3</xref>과 같다 (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t003">Table 3</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t003" position="float">
          <label>Table 3.</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Response Frequency</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="../ingestImageView?artiId=ART001940590&amp;imageName=HSSSBH_2014_v26n4_339_t003.jpg" position="float"/>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <p>TY ; Taeyangin, SY ; Soyangin, TE ; Taeeumin, SE ; Soeumin</p>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s3e">
        <title>5. 표준편차를 고려하여 문항 축소</title>
        <p>앞선 단계에서 까지 축소된 문항은 태음인 18문항, 소음인 22문항, 소양인 16문항, 태양인 10문항으로 태양인에 해당하는 문항이 10문항으로 가장 적었다. 각 체질별 문항수를 맞추기 위하여 태양인을 제외한 3체질의 문항은 표준편차가 작은 기준으로 10문항씩 선택하였다.</p>
        <p>표준편차란 데이터(표본)가 추출된 모집단의 흩어짐을 나타내는 지표의 하나이며, 표준편차가 크다는 것은 흩어짐의 정도가 크다는 의미로 이야기할 수 있다. 흩어짐이 크다는 것은 특정 체질을 판별하기 어려운 문항으로 이해할 수 있으며, 지나치게 크다면 이상치로 판단할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적이 변수의 수를 축소하는 것이기 때문에 표준편차를 이용하여 문항을 제거하였다 (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t004">Table 4</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t004" position="float">
          <label>Table 4.</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Standard Deviation of Slected Questions</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="../ingestImageView?artiId=ART001940590&amp;imageName=HSSSBH_2014_v26n4_339_t004.jpg" position="float"/>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <p>TY ; Taeyangin, SY ; Soyangin, TE ; Taeeumin, SE ; Soeumin, S.D ; Standard Deviation</p>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s3f">
        <title>6. 태음인 문항 변경</title>
        <p>선택된 40개 문항에 BMI를 변수로 추가하여 분석을 하기 위하여 태음인 1문항을 변경하였다. BMI 변수를 포함시킬 때 태음인 문항중 &#x201C;p10_3 뚱뚱한 편이다.&#x201D;는 BMI 변수와 겹치는 내용이라 판단하여 제외하고, 대신 제외된 문항 중 표준편차가 제일 작은 &#x201C;p1_5 과묵하면서 점잖다&#x201D;로 바꾸어 분석하였다</p>
      </sec>
      <sec id="s3g">
        <title>7. 데이터 판별분석</title>
        <p>최종 선정된 40개 문항의 정확률을 비교하기 위하여 판별분석을 하였다.</p>
        <p>판별분석은 상호배반적인 2개 이상의 모집단으로부터의 다변량 관측치로부터 각 집단의 차이를 분류할 수 있는 함수를 추정하거나 함수를 이용하여 어떤 집단에 분류될 것인가를 결정하는 다변량 분석기법으로 체질진단에 있어 각 체질의 가장 유의성 있는 함수들을 찾아 객관적인 사상체질 진단프로그램을 만드는데 적합한 통계기법 중에 하나이다<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r026">26</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r027">27</xref></sup>.</p>
        <p>분석 대상은 Sasang-medi online system 데이터와 KCMB 데이터 두가지 데이터를 이용하였다.</p>
        <p>분석대상 중 Sasang-medi 데이터의 경우 총 1378명으로 남성 308명, 여성 1070명이었다. 대상자의 연령 평균은 남성 45.0세 여성 44.4세 이고, 키평균은 남성 171.3cm 여성 158.9cm, 체중평균은 남성 69.2kg 여성 55.3kg이었다. 사상체질 비율은 태양인 20명(1.5%), 소양인 345명(25.0%), 태음인 462명(33.5%), 소음인 551명(40.0%)였다.</p>
        <p>KCMB 데이터의 경우 총 68명으로 남성 32명, 여성 36명이었다. 대상자의 연령평균은 남성 32세 여성 36이고, 키평균은 남성 169.2cm 여성 157.6cm, 체중평균은 남성 65.7kg 여성 57.5kg이었다. 사상체질 비율은 태양인 1명(1.5%), 소양인 27명(39.7%), 태음인 25(36.8%), 소음인(22.1%)였다.</p>
        <p>정확도는 Sasang-medi 데이터 사용시 66.18%, KCMB 데이터 사용시 42.65% 였다 (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t005">Table 5</xref>, <xref ref-type="table" rid="t006">6</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t005" position="float">
          <label>Table 5.</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Training Results (Sasang-Medi Data)</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="../ingestImageView?artiId=ART001940590&amp;imageName=HSSSBH_2014_v26n4_339_t005.jpg" position="float"/>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <p>TY ; Taeyangin, SY ; Soyangin, TE ; Taeeumin, SE ; Soeumin</p>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <table-wrap id="t006" position="float">
          <label>Table 6.</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Test Results (KCMB Data)</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="../ingestImageView?artiId=ART001940590&amp;imageName=HSSSBH_2014_v26n4_339_t006.jpg" position="float"/>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <p>TY ; Taeyangin, SY ; Soyangin, TE ; Taeeumin, SE ; Soeumin</p>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec id="s4" sec-type="other">
      <title>&#x2163;. 考 察</title>
      <p>사상체질의학을 임상에 적용함에 있어서 무엇보다도 중요한 것은 정확한 체질을 감별하는 일이다. 각각의 체질별로 性情의 차이와 臟腑大小에 따른 생리&#xB7;병리적 특성이 다르기 때문에, 정확한 체질 감별이 되지 않고서는 처방응용 자체가 불가능하기 때문이다.</p>
      <p>四象人을 나누는 기준은 이미 동무 이제마가 &#x300E;東醫壽世保元&#x300F; &#x300C;辨證論&#x300D;에서 體形氣像, 容貌詞氣, 性質才幹, 病證藥理의 네 가지 진단 요소를 밝혔고 이를 적용하기 위해 많은 방법이 연구되고 있으나, 현재로서 네 가지 요소를 가장 잘 반영할 수 있는 방법은 설문지를 통한 방법일 것이다.</p>
      <p>이러한 상황에서 현재 널리 사용되고 있는 SSCQ-P는 기존 QSCCⅡ의 문제점인 체질진단의 내적요소에 편중되어 외적요소나 병적요소에 소홀하다는 점과 태양인에 대한 문항이 부족하다는 점을 개선하였으나, 문항수가 총 229문항으로 많다는 점은 실제 임상에서 적용하기에 많은 제약이 되어왔다.</p>
      <p>본 연구에서는 이러한 단점을 보완하고자 SSCQ-P의 문항축소를 시도하였다. 전국 한의과대학교수 10인의 의견을 중심으로 체질별 중요문항을 선정하였고, 추가로 개발 당시 판별함수에 자주 사용된 문항 중 12회 이상 사용된 문항을 선정하였다.</p>
      <p>선정된 문항을 이용하여 체질 선별 오류를 줄이기 위해, 어느 체질인지 불분명한 문항을 제외하고, 실제 데이터 상 체질에 상관없이 높은 응답을 한 문항을 제외하였으며, 과정상 가장 적은 문항이 선정된 태양인 10문항을 기준으로 각각 체질별 표준편차가 낮은 10문항을 선정하여 총 40문항을 선정하였다.</p>
      <p>선정된 40문항의 판별분석 상 정확도는 Sasang-medi 데이터 사용시 66.18%, KCMB 데이터 사용 시 42.65% 였다 (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t005">Table 5</xref>,<xref ref-type="table" rid="t006">6</xref>).</p>
      <p>상기의 낮은 진단정확률을 높이기 위해서는 다수의 체질감별 데이터가 더 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 이번 판별분석에 사용된 Sasang-medi 데이터의 경우 총 1378건, KCMB 데이터의경우 68건으로 표본수가 적다고 볼 수 있으며, 특히 태양인의 경우에는 Sasang-medi 데이터 상 20건, KCMB 데이터 상 1건으로 절대적인 표본수가 부족하였다.</p>
      <p>뿐만 아니라 판별 분석 시 오류를 줄이기 위하여 탕약복용 후 호전반응이 확인된 정확한 체질 감별 데이터가 필요하다. 체질의 진단에 있어 무엇보다도 중요한 것은 바로 치료에 대한 반응이다. 체질진단의 결론은 그 사람을 체질과 병증을 감별하여 적합한 치료를 하였을 때 어떻게 반응하느냐 까지를 보아야 확진할 수 있으며, 약에 의한 작용은 다른 방법들을 통한 진단결과에 대한 검증의 수단이 되기 때문이다<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r028">28</xref></sup>. 실제 이<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="r028">28</xref></sup>등의 연구에서 한약 복용군의 판별함수가 미복용군의 판별함수보다 안정적인 진단정확률을 나타내었음이 발표된 바 있다.</p>
      <p>위와 같은 견지에서 Sasang-medi 데이터의 경우 전문의 진단은 이루어졌으나 탕약 복용을 통한 체질 확진이 이루어지지 않은 데이터로서 전문의들의 오진으로 인한 분석오류 가능성을 배제하지 못하였다는 점에서 문제가 될 수 있다.</p>
      <p>또 다른 원인으로 자기보고식 설문지의 한계를 생각 해 볼 수 있다. SSCQ-P 및 이번 Short-form 역시 환자 스스로 선택지를 선택하는 방법의 설문지로서 다소 주관적인 의견이 섞여 체질감별을 어렵게 할 수 있다.</p>
      <p>체형이나 용모 같은 항목은 별도의 진단기기를 통하여 계측한다면 상기와 같은 문제는 보완이 가능할 것으로 보이나 실제 임상에서 번거로운 면이 있어 체형이나 안면측정을 위한 간편한 진단기기가 개발되어야 할 필요성이 있다.</p>
      <p>통계분석방법에의 적용을 다양하게 하는 방법도 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 나이나 BMI 등에 따라 환자를 여러 군으로 나누고, 각 군별로 다른 판별식을 사용한다면 정확도를 높일 수 있다. 다만, 이 방법 또한 각 군별로 일정 수 이상의 데이터가 확보 되어야 할 것이다. 본 연구의 경우 전체적인 표본수가 적어 상기와 같은 방법을 활용하지 못하였다.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec id="s5" sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>&#x2164;. 結 論</title>
      <p>1. Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patients (SSCQ-P)를 전문가 자문, 판별함수 사용빈도수를 기준으로 기본문항을 선별하고, 통계적 방법을 이용하여 40 문항의 축소 SSCQ-P short-form을 구성하였다.</p>
      <p>2. Short-form의 진단 정확률은 Sasang-medi 데이터를 이용해 판별분석 하였을 경우는 정확도 66.18%였으며, KCMB 데이터를 이용해 분석하였을 경우는 42.65%였다.</p>
    </sec>
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		<title/>
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    <ack>
      <p>이 논문은 2014년도 동의대학교 교내연구비 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(2014AA264).</p> <p>(This work was supported by Dong-Eui University. Grant No. 2014AA264)</p> <p>이 논문은 2014년도 한국한의학연구원 기관주요 사업인 &#x27;동서의학 융합의 미병 진단기준 개발&#x27; 과제의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임(Grant No. K14070).</p> <p>(This research was supported by the &#x22;Development of diagnostic guide of Mibyeong in Integrated medicine&#x22; (K14070) funded by KM Health Technology Research Group of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine.)</p>
    </ack>
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</article>
