2013, Vol.11, No.1

Civil Society and NGO 2024 KCI Impact Factor : 0.84

pISSN : 1599-8568
https://journal.kci.go.kr/civil&NGO

This paper purpose is to understanding institutional contexts and politics dependence of social enterprise and community business. Therefore,based on the both policy’ common institutional level: context, mission,goal, relationship of government and stakeholder, support of government,and performance in both policy, this paper analyzed. The analyzed results are summarized as follows:First, the two policies are different in context, mission, goal of policy. Because target, policy makers, institutional based policy, from the planning stage was different. Second, both policies are similar to relationship of government and stakeholder, support of government, and business areas in the policy implementation. The above results is that the institutional characteristics of the two policies is due to institutional isomorphism by path dependence of policy implementation.

Civil society has emerged worldwide after 1980s which brought about the needs to empirically measure it. This paper aims to measure the civic activism capability of the City of Gwangju with CAI(Civic Activism Index)which is developed as an alternative model of CSI(Civil Society Index). The capability of civic activism of Gwangju was on average 4.5 of a 7-point scale with the generally accepted difference that the dimension of environment was in lower level and that of impact was in higher level. In comparison of regions, the capability of Nam-gu was relatively high and that of Book-gu was relatively low being different from the hypothesis. In comparison of civic activism area, the capabilities of women right,volunteering, aid for foreigners were in high score which are compared with those of labor/farmers and fishermen, alternative society. If we classify the civic activism area into three, the capability of service production was higher than that of advocacy, with alternative society activism being gained lower score. We can, of course, not grasp by oneself the meanings of civic activism capability of Gwangju. This problem will be easily solved if we measure the capabilities of civic activism of other regions and compare with each other.

This paper will provide a theoretical framework of emerging class struggle of Korean society during the Kim Young-Sam regime by using capitalist state theory of Greek philosopher Nicos Poulantzas. Having democratization the hegemony of Chaebol was exposed to popular resist. In return, Kim's government tried to reconfigure a fundamental economic structure through so-called Chaebol reform. Although Min-ja party was formed, there still remained three different factions. Elected president Kim as his supporting partisans, the Min-chu faction(of democratic liberal party)which were advocates of small and medium sized capitalist classes, were in essential antagonism with another faction of their party, Min-chung,representing the monopolistic capitalist classes. Thus the reform of Chaebul could be construed as class struggle between small and medium sized business and monopolistic capital. Consequently, the state apparatus reflected the class struggle which exists simultaneously in political and civil society.