@article{ART003383268},
author={Won-Hui Lee},
title={A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation},
journal={ Journal of Software Forensics},
issn={3092-541X},
year={2026},
volume={22},
number={3},
pages={199-204}
TY - JOUR
AU - Won-Hui Lee
TI - A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation
JO - Journal of Software Forensics
PY - 2026
VL - 22
IS - 3
PB - Korea Software Assessment and Valuation Society
SP - 199
EP - 204
SN - 3092-541X
AB - This study analyzed the effects of structural differences in electrodes (mono-polar and bipolar) on electromagnetic field distribution, reflection coefficient (S11), and back radiation characteristics within a 3D skin model for Radio Frequency (RF) based dermatological and cosmetic devices using Finite Element Method (FEM) computer simulations. Simulations conducted within a compact handpiece environment revealed that the bipolar structure without a reflector exhibited a local S11 minimum at approximately 3.60 GHz, whereas the mono-polar structure incorporating a ground plane showed a shift to 2.96 GHz.
However, in the primary medical and cosmetic frequency range of 1 MHz to 100 MHz, both structures exhibited S11 values approaching 0 dB, indicating near total reflection and confirming that conductive ohmic heating dominates over radiation. Furthermore, the mono-polar structure with a ground plane effectively blocked backward electromagnetic power leakage, significantly improving the Front-to-Back Ratio (FBR) and focusing the electric field deep into the skin layer. These findings provide foundational design guidelines for mitigating back radiation and achieving focused electromagnetic field distributions in compact RF skin therapy devices.
KW - Radio Frequency;Mono-polar;Bipolar;Electric Field Distribution;Reflection Coefficient
DO -
UR -
ER -
Won-Hui Lee. (2026). A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation. Journal of Software Forensics, 22(3), 199-204.
Won-Hui Lee. 2026, "A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation", Journal of Software Forensics, vol.22, no.3 pp.199-204.
Won-Hui Lee "A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation" Journal of Software Forensics 22.3 pp.199-204 (2026) : 199.
Won-Hui Lee. A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation. 2026; 22(3), 199-204.
Won-Hui Lee. "A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation" Journal of Software Forensics 22, no.3 (2026) : 199-204.
Won-Hui Lee. A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation. Journal of Software Forensics, 22(3), 199-204.
Won-Hui Lee. A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation. Journal of Software Forensics. 2026; 22(3) 199-204.
Won-Hui Lee. A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation. 2026; 22(3), 199-204.
Won-Hui Lee. "A Study on Radio Frequency Electrodes for Skin Stimulation" Journal of Software Forensics 22, no.3 (2026) : 199-204.
