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Baojia of East Asia: Reorganization of substratum administration in Taiwan, Manchuria and China in the early 20th Century

  • 중앙사론
  • 2018, (47), pp.93~154
  • Publisher : Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University
  • Research Area : Humanities > History
  • Received : April 25, 2018
  • Accepted : June 15, 2018
  • Published : June 30, 2018

Moon Myungki 1

1국민대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

As a mutual surveillance system in Qing China, baojia system used to be a channel with which state could mobilize local society’s manpower and various resources. modern states in East Asia also had tried to reorganize baojia system on the same purpose. But compared with Taiwan Sotokufu’s success in reorganization, Manchuria’s performance was half-success at best, and Republican China’s was just a failure. The ‘innovated baojia’ in colonial Taiwan was innovative in three ways: First, ‘innovated baojia’ enabled police organization to surveil and lead the baojia system. Second, Taiwan Sotokufu could successfully changed local elites into domesticated collaborators. Third, Taiwan Sotokufu even enlarged the role of baojia, from police assistance organization to general administration assistance organization, and this transition were greatly helpful in improving government efficiency. But in Manchuria and especially in Republican China, the state could not afford to locate enough police power. It was police power that divided the fate of baojia system in each region. Then, was the baojia system in colonial Taiwan really modeled on Qing China's traditional baojia like Goto Simpei said? The baojia system in colonial Taiwan was similar to mura(村) in early modern Japan, rather than traditional baojia in various ways.

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