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Comparative study on relationship between government and civil society in COVID-19 responses: Cases of European, Middle Eastern, and Asian countries

  • Civil Society and NGO
  • 2021, 19(2), pp.3~48
  • Publisher : The Third Sector Institute
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general > Other Social Science in general
  • Received : September 8, 2021
  • Accepted : November 4, 2021
  • Published : November 30, 2021

Kim Sung Ju 1 Jeong, Bok Gyo 2 Yun Jung Ah 2

1North Carolina State University
2Kean University

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019, the virus has rapidly spread across the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all parts of the world. This study examines the collaboration between government and civil society against COVID-19. This study covers 10 countries, representing various socio-political and economic systems (Germany, Austria, Israel, India, Japan, United Kingdom, China, Turkey, South Korea, and Hungary). As a result, three types of collaboration between the government and civil society to respond to COVID-19 were observed: 1) mutual cooperation and complementary responses between the government and civil society (South Korea, UK, Germany, Austria, and India); 2) confrontation or control between the government and civil society (China, Turkey, Hungary); and 3) alternative relationship between government and civil society or independent response (Japan, Israel). This study also provides findings on the service and advocacy function of civil society during COVID-19 in relation to the roles of government in respective countries. This study suggested that the state's approach toward civil society varied in terms of the governance perspective. Lastly, civil society seems to have played significant roles in the public policy implementation process in spite of the variations in the observed countries.

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