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Political Morality and Voters’ Choice: An Empirical Analysis of Seoul and Busan Mayor By-Elections in 2021

  • Civil Society and NGO
  • 2021, 19(2), pp.89~137
  • Publisher : The Third Sector Institute
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general > Other Social Science in general
  • Received : September 23, 2021
  • Accepted : November 12, 2021
  • Published : November 30, 2021

Jhee, Byong-kuen 1,  Youngho Cho 2

1조선대학교
2서강대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study attempts to examine how Korean voters evaluate the morality of two major parties and analyze its influences on their party preferences and voting decision. Following Hardin’s concept of institutional morality, which is different from personal ethics or idealistic morality, it focuses on multi-dimensional moral rules of political parties required as the main institutional actors of representative democracy. Analyzing the post-election survey data of Seoul and Busan mayoral by-elections in 2021, first, this research shows that those citizens prioritizing morality over policy capacity tend to vote for the candidates of the Democratic Party and the other ones tend to vote for the candidates of the People Power Party. Second, the People Power Party is perceived as superior to the Democratic Party in sexual ethics and economic policy capacity, whereas it was not in the other areas of morality and policy capacity. Finally, how voters evaluate institutional morality of the two parties as well as immoral nomination of the Democratic Party affects their party preferences and vote choices. These results suggest that systematic analysis on political morality is needed in the study of Korean elections.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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