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A longitudinal study on the existence verbs in Japanese of Korean returnees

  • The Japanese Language Association of Korea
  • Abbr : JLAK
  • 2018, (56), pp.139-156
  • DOI : 10.14817/jlak.2018.56.139
  • Publisher : The Japanese Language Association Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > Japanese Language and Literature
  • Received : March 26, 2018
  • Accepted : May 18, 2018
  • Published : June 20, 2018

HWANG, YOUNG HEE 1

1한양사이버대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper describes the linguistic features seen in the existence expressions of Japanese after more than 10 years, which has been acquired while two sisters of Korean returnees staying in Japan. As a result of analyzing the data of the sister's natural conversation, composition and survey text, I found the followings about the existence expression of Japanese in the incubation period. (a) In the retention period up to 6 months after returning to Korea, it becomes Japanese-based. In the retention period after 6 months, it becomes Korean-based and Japanese is no longer used in the attriton period after one and a half years. The system of existence expressions are mainly seen in the speaker A (older sister) who has a high level of contact with Japanese, while the active and appropriate use of the two axes of ARU and IRU. Additionally the speaker B (sister) who has low contact with Japanese is using a non-standard ARU and showing the process to migrate to ARU. (b) In the acquisition period, they are also in contact with the dialects of the West Japan region, but the use of ORU is not seen as a repetition of native speakers or auxiliary verbs. The analytical type of "existence verb+DESU" seen in the adults Japanese learners does not appear and it usually can be left as an integrated type. (c) In the surveys in the attrition period, it is divided into "speaker A, a prototype of a physical object predicate is IRU/ARU/GOZARU" and "speaker B, a prototype of a physical object predicate is ARU". GOZARU/IRASSHARU may be easy to maintain in speaker A as honorific forms. (d) The difference of age in sisters and (it is very tentative) fossilization may be considered as factors influencing learning, acquisition, retention and loss of existence expressions.

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