@article{ART003333181},
author={Younghee Noh},
title={Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending},
journal={The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies},
issn={2586-5439},
year={2026},
volume={10},
number={1},
pages={71-80},
doi={10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71}
TY - JOUR
AU - Younghee Noh
TI - Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending
JO - The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies
PY - 2026
VL - 10
IS - 1
PB - The Society for Transdisciplinary Studies
SP - 71
EP - 80
SN - 2586-5439
AB - Objectives: This study reconceptualizes independent bookstores as nodes of an experiential network and designs/evaluates walk- and transit-based bookshop routes across Yeongnam and Honam, Korea. Methods: The study proceeded in two stages. First, we coded store-level programs, spatial amenities, and concepts to derive attractiveness weights and a topic-diversity index and generated half-day (3-6 h) and full-day (6-10 h) routes using a multi-objective orienteering/prize-collecting framework. Second, using official route launches as treatments, we estimated causal effects through event-study, staggered difference-in-differences, and synthetic control with matched non-route neighborhoods. Results: Routes increased multi-stop visitation and moderately extended dwell time; produced 300-500 m local spending spillovers; and yielded equity gains—shorter minimum travel time/fewer transfers and higher participation—when passing neighborhoods adjacent to no-/single-bookstore jurisdictions. Effects were stronger at nodes with high program intensity, family-friendly features, and calendars synchronized with museums/markets. Conclusions: We propose design rules balancing attractiveness, diversity, equity, and travel cost, with behavioral indicators (completion, multi-stop share, spillovers) for management; and recommend partial randomization (stamp A/B tests, randomized route recommendations) and city-type templates for scalable validation.
KW - Access equity;Bookshop routes;Dwell time;Independent bookstores;Multi-stop visitation;Spending spillovers
DO - 10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
ER -
Younghee Noh. (2026). Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies, 10(1), 71-80.
Younghee Noh. 2026, "Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending", The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies, vol.10, no.1 pp.71-80. Available from: doi:10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
Younghee Noh "Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending" The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies 10.1 pp.71-80 (2026) : 71.
Younghee Noh. Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending. 2026; 10(1), 71-80. Available from: doi:10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
Younghee Noh. "Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending" The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies 10, no.1 (2026) : 71-80.doi: 10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
Younghee Noh. Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies, 10(1), 71-80. doi: 10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
Younghee Noh. Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending. The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies. 2026; 10(1) 71-80. doi: 10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
Younghee Noh. Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending. 2026; 10(1), 71-80. Available from: doi:10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
Younghee Noh. "Independent Bookstore Routes and the Dwell-Time Economy: How Bookshop Trails Increase Stay Duration and Local Spending" The Journal of Transdisciplinary Studies 10, no.1 (2026) : 71-80.doi: 10.22685/jts.2026.10.1.71
