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A Study of Lee Bul’s Early Performances: Bodies at Odds with the Category of Woman within BDSM Structures

  • Journal of History of Modern Art
  • 2026, (59), pp.127~152
  • Publisher : 현대미술사학회
  • Research Area : Arts and Kinesiology > Art > Arts in general > Art History
  • Received : May 5, 2026
  • Accepted : May 29, 2026
  • Published : June 30, 2026

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ABSTRACT

This study examines Lee Bul’s early performances in the 1990s as bodily practices in which a fragmented subject employs BDSM structures to disrupt relations of power surrounding the body produced performances that come into tension with the sign and category of “woman.” Her work, centered on a self-destructive body, destabilizes relations between sadism and masochism, performer and audience, and subject and object, and generates a body that resists stabilization in normative roles, identities, and gendered art-historical frameworks. Rather than situating these works within established readings of women’s art, this study reads them as performative practices that traverse the sign “woman,” producing internal fractures and reconfigurations. Emerging in the late 1980s, Lee’s practice is marked by self-destructive impulses and fragmented subjectivity, expressed through images of bodily rupture, death, and multiple personas. In performances such as Abortion (1989) through the early 1990s, she positioned herself and her audience in volatile relational structures oscillating between control and submission. By intensifying these dynamics, her work reconfigures the mechanisms through which the female-artist body is produced and interpreted. This study argues that Lee’s early performances exceed feminist representational frameworks and proposes instead a body that cannot be stabilized in fixed categories or signifying systems.

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