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A Study of the Goryeo Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka's Wood Printing Blocks, Its Enshrinement and the Placement of Its Bookshelves

Kang, Soon-Ae 1

1한성대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The Goryeo Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka is a collection of 81,350 woodblocks of 1,514 types issued in Gangwha Island region's Daejangdogam and Namhae's Bunsadogam over a period of 16 years during King Gojong's 23rd year(1236) to his 38th year(1251). Except 108 overlapping woodblocks, there are 81,242 woodblocks. Among these there are 72,610 Daejangdogam blocks and 8,632 Bunsadaejangdogam blocks. The layout of the Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka from Cheonham(天函) to the Youngham (英函) follows the system of Northern Song(北宋) Gaebochikpan(開寶勅板), carved according to the Gaewonseokgyorok, whereas the tripitaka's layout from Duham(杜函) to Choham(楚函) is inconsistent because it was incorporated in the order that Song dynasty Tripitaka(宋朝大藏經) was introduced. Gaengham(更函) contains Daejangmokrok (大藏目錄), and Paeham(覇函) to Tongham(洞函) is composed of woodblocks addi- tionally made during the time the second carved Tripitaka(再雕大藏經) was created. The Enshrinement of the Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka in Ganghwa’s Daejanggyeong- pandang was done by putting the woodblocks of Daejangdogam and Bunsadogam together, after which a Buddhist ceremony was held in honor of the occasion. The Daejanggyeongpandang is thought to have been in Seonwonsa whose location was assumed to be either in Ganghwa Island's Sinnidong region or in front of and behind Seonhaengri's Chungryeolsa. Seonwonsa maintained its power until the end of the Goryeo Dynasty as it housed the Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka. The Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka was first placed in Ganghwa Island's Seonwonsa, then moved to Jicheonsa outside of Seodaemun in Seoul in the 7th year of King Taejo's reign (1398) during the Joseon Dynasty. It was again moved to Haeinsa Daejanggyeongpanjeon, the 52nd national treasure of Korea, where it is now housed. The Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka is stored in two of the Haeinsa Daejanggyeongpanjeon’s four halls, that is, the Beopbojeon, located northeast and the Sudarajeon, located northwest. With some exceptions, the Eighty-Thousand Tripitaka is placed mostly in units of 10 volumes each and its Hamcha(函次) is arranged in order of Cheonjamun. The placement of the sutra woodblocks begins with the first bookshelves to the right of the central bookshelves of the Beopbojeon, fills all the shelves in an orderly manner and continues to the Sudarajeon shelves to the final shelves.

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