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Effects of Tai Chi and Swiss Ball Training on Static and Dynamic Balance in Young Adults

  • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
  • Abbr : J Korean Soc Phys Med
  • 2026, 21(1), pp.13~28
  • Publisher : The Korean Society of Physical Medicine
  • Research Area : Medicine and Pharmacy > Physical Therapy > Other physical therapy
  • Received : June 26, 2025
  • Accepted : August 24, 2025
  • Published : February 28, 2026

Yaqiong Wu 1,  Ju-Hak Kim 1,  Kim Meung-Kwon ORD ID 1,  Gak Hwangbo ORD ID 1

1대구대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study compared the effects of Tai Chi and Swiss ball exercises on static and dynamic balance in young adults METHODS: Thirty-two healthy adults aged 20 years or older were assigned randomly to a Tai Chi group (n = 16) or a Swiss ball group (n = 16). Each group performed different exercises three times a week for four weeks. Balance assessments were conducted before and after the intervention using center of pressure (COP) analysis during a single-leg stance and the Y-Balance Test. The COP sway area and sway velocity were calculated using a plantar pressure measuring device, and the Y-Balance Test was evaluated using the composite scores. RESULTS: After the four-week intervention, both groups showed significant differences before and after the intervention in the COP test, a static balance assessment. With their eyes closed, the COP area and velocity showed significant differences in the Tai Chi group compared to the Swiss ball group. Both groups showed significant improvements in the Y-Balance Test after the intervention, which assesses the dynamic balance, but no significant difference was found between the groups. CONCLUSION: Tai Chi and Swiss ball training were effective in improving the static and dynamic balance abilities. In particular, Tai Chi showed greater improvement in the static balance tasks under conditions where visual information was blocked. These results provide foundational data for developing differentiated intervention strategies based on the sensory characteristics and goals of individual participants.

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This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.
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