@article{ART003342568},
author={Hwa Woon Song and Lee, Han-Suk},
title={Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia},
journal={Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine},
issn={1975-311X},
year={2026},
volume={21},
number={2},
pages={65-75}
TY - JOUR
AU - Hwa Woon Song
AU - Lee, Han-Suk
TI - Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia
JO - Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
PY - 2026
VL - 21
IS - 2
PB - The Korean Society of Physical Medicine
SP - 65
EP - 75
SN - 1975-311X
AB - PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of progressive resistance training (PRT) using elastic bands on the lowerextremity muscle structure, balance, and cognitive function in children with spastic diplegia. METHODS: Sixteen children were assigned to a progressive resistance training group (PRT, n = 8) or a control group (n = 8). Each group participated in 30-minute physical therapy sessions, three times per week for eight weeks. The PRT group received elastic band–based progressive resistance training, whereas the control group received conventional physical therapy. The lower-extremity muscle structure was assessed using ultrasonography by measuring the muscle thickness of the rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, and gluteus medius. The balance ability was evaluated from the plantar pressure and the rectangular area of sway. The cognitive function was assessed using the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Mann–Whitney U test in SPSS 25.0. RESULTS: The muscle structure and balance ability improved in the PRT and control groups following treatment, with statistically significant differences observed between the two groups (p < .05). Nevertheless, no meaningful alterations in cognitive function were detected (p > .05). CONCLUSION: Lower-extremity strengthening training in children with diplegia may extend beyond improvements in muscle structure and contribute to balance. Such improvements are expected to support the gait performance in children with spastic diplegia.
KW - Cerebral Palsy;Children;Cognitive function;Lower extremity;Resistance Training
DO -
UR -
ER -
Hwa Woon Song and Lee, Han-Suk. (2026). Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 21(2), 65-75.
Hwa Woon Song and Lee, Han-Suk. 2026, "Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia", Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, vol.21, no.2 pp.65-75.
Hwa Woon Song, Lee, Han-Suk "Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia" Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine 21.2 pp.65-75 (2026) : 65.
Hwa Woon Song, Lee, Han-Suk. Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia. 2026; 21(2), 65-75.
Hwa Woon Song and Lee, Han-Suk. "Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia" Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine 21, no.2 (2026) : 65-75.
Hwa Woon Song; Lee, Han-Suk. Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 21(2), 65-75.
Hwa Woon Song; Lee, Han-Suk. Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2026; 21(2) 65-75.
Hwa Woon Song, Lee, Han-Suk. Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia. 2026; 21(2), 65-75.
Hwa Woon Song and Lee, Han-Suk. "Changes in Lower Limb Muscle Structure, Balance Ability, and Cognitive Function Following Elastic Resistance–Based Progressive Training in Children with Spastic Diplegia" Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine 21, no.2 (2026) : 65-75.
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