2007, Vol.34, No.2

Korean Social Science Journal 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.06

pISSN : 1225-0368 / eISSN : 2196-4424
https://journal.kci.go.kr/kssj

This paper aims to explicate the rise of the public presi-dency by illuminating the institutional changes highly relevant to the presidents political resources and strategies in democratized Korea. The institutional changes discussed in the study include the presidents weakened control of the press, the reform of presidential candidate se-lection and the increasing independence of the presidents party, the re-currence of divided government, and the institutionalization of media campaigning with growing usage of the Internet for the president .public communication. The authors relate such institutional changes to the ris-ing levels of presidential public activities, such as televised addresses, press meetings, and overseas political travels. The main thrust is that presidential going public is a product of relevant institutional changes 2 .. Chan Wook Park and Se Jin Koorather than that of the presidents idiosyncrasies, including presidential personality or character. By emphasizing institutional changes affecting the presidents political resources and strategies, the paper seeks a good understanding about the dynamics of the Korean presidency under the current democratic regime.

This article reviews the main characteristics of state‐led development in East Asia and follows this up with an analysis of the increasing pressures on developmental states. The state has had to confront both internal economic constraints and external pressures, such as political liberalization and economic globalization, and the prospects for sustaining long‐term development plans within nation‐states seem even less promising in a deregulated global economy. The East Asian states have recognized that their national systems of economic development have declined, and that their policy initiative has therefore become less effective. They have in fact witnessed a transition from the developmental state to the postdevelopmental state, although the conventional statist assumptions ignore this transition. As other governments pursued market‐conforming economic policies, the postdevelopmental market‐oriented states established rules governing the market economy and abolishing government regulation.

This six part paper analyzes developmental, environmental, and sustainability policies along with suggested indicators in South Korea. The first part reviews concepts of sustainable development. The second part outlines the process of industrialization in South Korea from the 1960s. The third part documents the change in the state of the environment in South Korea that was the result. In order to quantify the relationship of economic development expansion with the declining state of the environment, correlation coefficients were estimated between economic development variables and variables measuring environmental decline. The fourth part describes the major activities being utilized to achieve sustainable development in South Korea. The fifth part documents the change in sustainable development policies in South Korea as this continues. The sixth part concludes with a critical examination of the effectiveness of different policies for achieving sustainable development in South Korea. In general, the paper provides an exploratory statistical method for modelling and monitoring case‐specific interactions of environmental indicators for historical interactive changes. This encourages a method for testing ongoing policy soundness toward achieving a sustainable society. This paper argues the necessary of including multiple empirical indicators in real‐time modeling for interactions to fine‐tune conceptions of environmental policy away from a technological reductionist approach to a multi‐variate structural, systemic approach.