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Spinoza's Theory of Politics in Tractatus Theologico-Politicus

  • Philosophical Investigation
  • 2019, 54(), pp.37~63
  • DOI : 10.33156/philos.2019.54..002
  • Publisher : Institute of philosophy in Chung-Ang Univ.
  • Research Area : Humanities > Philosophy
  • Received : January 28, 2019
  • Accepted : May 16, 2019
  • Published : May 31, 2019

Sam-Yel Park 1

1숭실대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The reason why Spinoza links political discussion and religion in Tractatus Theologico-Politicus is that it is impossible to establish a sovereign without first reforming religion because everyone is affected by religion. Spinoza describes how the various superstitions and religious views threaten the unity of the state after examining the human nature of weakness in the Tractatus Theologico-Politicus. Especially theologians and clergymen who have been motivated by their desire to secure their power have dominated the multiplicity most of the time through corrupted theology and have exercised this influence on the sovereign. Spinoza was determined to reconsider the Bible to regain its original teachings in order to combat this destructive theology. In conclusion, Spinoza argues that a sovereign who is absolutely under the influence of religion must inevitably be backed by a theology that unifies human beings without weakening reason. Therefore, for him to present a model of the right sovereign presupposes reform of the Bible, theology, the religious system and religious leaders. He assumes that the most important virtue to the sovereign is to rule the people through religion without being governed by superstition.

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