2022, Vol.6, No.1

An Empirical Study of Age Effect on Awareness for Korean Unification: evidence from 2020 Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi survey data

Kyoungbong Woo | 2022, 6(1) | pp.7~33 | number of Cited : 3

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College Hierarchy and the Labor Market in Korea: Changes in the Wage Premium of College Hierarchy over Several Decades

Kim, Jin-Yeong | 2022, 6(1) | pp.35~69 | number of Cited : 2

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Continuation and change of Taiwanʼs New Southbound Policy in the De-Sinicization: The dynamics of Balancing and Bandwagoning

Sunjae Kim , Kim Su Han | 2022, 6(1) | pp.69~114 | number of Cited : 8

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This paper analyzes Taiwan’s 「New Southbound Policy」 from the perspective of ‘balancing’ and ‘bandwagoning’ in international politics. Specifically, it examines the changes and characteristics of ‘Southbound policies’ that have continued since the period of the Lee Teng-hui(李登輝) administration, and examines the meaning of the New Southbound Policy promoted by the Tsai Ing-wen(蔡英文) administration. Taiwan’s foreign policy has been strongly influenced by external variables such as U.S.-China relations. Previous Taiwanese governments have actively promoted Southbound policies to advance to Southeast Asian countries such as ASEAN with the aim of ‘De-Sinicization’, but have not achieved much results. This is because variables such as cooperative U.S.-China relations and strong checks from China played a role at the time. In this environment, Taiwan had to pursue an appropriate ‘balancing’ between the United States, China, and Southeast Asian countries. However, since the inauguration of the Trump administration, strategic competition between the U.S. and China has been maximized, creating a new space for Taiwan’s foreign policy. This is because the U.S. valued cooperation with Taiwan in the process of embodying the ‘Indo-Pacific Strategy’ to curb China’s rise. The New Southbound Policy promoted by the Tsai Ing-won administration is different from the existing Southbound policies in that it seeks to link with the U.S. India-Pacific Strategy and attempts to advance to South Asian countries such as India. From an international political point of view, the Tsai Ing-won administration’s New Southbound Policy can be interpreted as a ‘bandwagoning’ to the United States, not a balanced strategy between the U.S. and China. Strategic competition between the U.S. and China is expected to intensify for a considerable period of time in the future, and honeymoon between Taiwan and the U.S. are also expected to continue. Taiwan’s bandwagoning strategy, which actively pursues a link between the New Southbound Policy and the India-Pacific Strategy, is also expected to be maintained.

The Revision of the Rules of the Workersʼ Party of Korea and the Organizational Changes of the ʻMonolithic Guidance System of the Party Coreʼ: Focusing on Party-Government-Military Relations in Kim Jong Un Regime

Kim, Tae-Kyung , Jung-Chul Lee , Yang Hui | 2022, 6(1) | pp.115~162 | number of Cited : 4

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The Rules of the Workers’ Party of Korea (WPK), revised at the eighth Party Congress in 2021, reflect the Kim Jong Un regime’s changes in strategic lines and ideological justifications on North Korea’s socialism and communism, and its recent stances against the external environment. Moreover, they contain critical changes in the party’s organizational system encompassing the central and the provinces. This study explores the organizational changes of the “monolithic guidance system of the party core” stipulated by the new party rules in January 2021, based on the analysis of the entire nine revised rules of the WPK since 1945. In the 2021 Party Congress, the Kim Jong Un regime, which officially came to power after the fourth Party Conference in 2012, has institutionalized the monolithic guidance system centered on the party core, or the head of state, Kim Jong Un. The newly set leadership and execution system, which reorganized party, government, and military organizational structure and accompanied the relevant personnel changes, was derived from the attempts for reinstating the Kim Jong Un regime as a more normalized party-state structure before its 10th year in power in April 2022. The “monolithic leadership system of the party core” established a system of “organizational leadership” through the organization of the Central Committee, directed by the Party Head, or General Secretary. The institutionalization of the new system resulted from the ten-year development of the revival of the party-state structure, which compromised the status of the military and reconfirmed the party’s control of the military. This study explains the new system from the perspectives of both institutionalization and top-down unity, shedding light on the new party-military-government relations of the Kim Jong Un regime. The analysis contributes to a better understanding and forecasting of the Kim Jong Un regime’s governance, which currently strengthens the monolithic leadership system as a crisis management system in the face of the “triple hardships” of sanctions, Covid and disaster.

Domestic Constraints of Sino-South Korean Environmental Cooperation: the Case of Trans boundary Air Pollution

Sangbum Shin , Soel-ah KIM , Kang Myeong Ji | 2022, 6(1) | pp.163~194 | number of Cited : 3

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Structural Change as a Source of Growth: An Empirical Evidence from OECD Countries

Han， Hongyul | 2022, 6(1) | pp.195~222 | number of Cited : 5

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From the economic development perspective, economic growth should accompany structural improvement in order to meet complex demands from a society. In the context of development economics, economic growth is critically dependent on successful structural advancement. The issue of structural change is also important for advanced economies as the landscape of modern industry is changing fast. Many advanced countries of slow growth are experiencing dawdling changes in industry structure. However, there is no definitive answer to the question of whether there is a causal relationship between structural change and growth. This study empirically assesses the relationship between structural change or ‘speed’ thereof and economic growth in developed countries of OECD. Rather than looking into the causes of structural changes, this study simply measures structural changes in OECD economies and examines if structural change is really contributing to growth. The reason why this study focuses on advanced countries of OECD is rather obvious; technological innovation and emergence of new industries pressure these countries to restructure their economies to address these new challenges though they are at stages well beyond conventional industrialization. And structural rigidity can always limit growth even in advanced countries. The main results of this study can be summarized as a positive relationship between ‘change and growth’. ‘Change’ in this study refers to changes in the industrial structure based on value-added and was analyzed to have a close positive relationship with economic growth. This result is consistent with arguments of early development economists emphasizing structural upgrade as an indispensable process for growth and development. The result of this study potentially confirms that the main argument of development economics is valid also for advanced economies. One of our results suggests that business/professional services and social services should be main targets for restructuring for advanced economies. The rational may be that rapid convergence of manufacturing and services is a key for structural advancement in the era of new technologies. Obviously, as manufacturing technology and production are standardized, it is difficult to secure international competitiveness through traditional manufacturing alone and the role of R&D, design, logistics, and marketing is becoming more important.

The Role of Timing and Presidential Popularity in Local Elections: Upheaval in the 2018 Busan City Council Election

Matthew David Jenkins , BAE JIN SEOK | 2022, 6(1) | pp.223~258 | number of Cited : 2

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Features and Implications of ʻNew Northeast Phenomenonʼ in Chinaʼs New Normal Period

Yoo, Eun-Ha | 2022, 6(1) | pp.259~282 | number of Cited : 1

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KJCKorea
Journal Central

Analyses & Alternatives 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.46

2022, Vol.6, No.1