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A Study on Sun Wen's Minshengzhuyi: Is It Utopian Socialism or Chinese-style Socialism?

  • Analyses & Alternatives
  • Abbr : A&A
  • 2022, 6(3), pp.81~119
  • DOI : 10.22931/aanda.2022.6.3.003
  • Publisher : Korea Consensus Institute
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general
  • Received : September 15, 2022
  • Accepted : November 7, 2022
  • Published : November 30, 2022

Lee, Nam Ju 1

1성공회대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This thesis aims to re-examine the possibilities and limitations of Sun Wen(孫文)'s Minshengzhuyi(民生主義) and to suggest its implications for socialist practices. To this end, I analyzed the process of formation of the Minshengzhuyi and the contents of its core programs, i.e. equalization of land rights and controlling capital. Minshengzhuyi has long been defined as subjective socialism or utopian socialism in China. However, Minshengzhuyi is the most pioneering and representative example of the Sinicization of socialism. In addition, the approach of using capitalist methods for socialist construction can be said to have captured the core contents of socialist reform in current China. Therefore, some scholars also began to positively evaluate the socialist nature of the Minshengzhuyi. However, there is a limit to advancing theoretical thinking in evaluating Minshengzhuyi only by focusing on the similarity with the current Chinese official theory. This paper argued that the notion of the double project of simultaneously adapting to and overcoming the modernity can help to more clearly grasp the present significance of Minshengzhuyi. From the perspective of double project, the contents of Minshengzhuyi, which were defined as utopian or subjective in the past, have meaning as a more realistic method of socialist construction. At the same time, it is possible to shed new light on the limitations of Minshengzhuyi. Sun Wen could not provide an answer to the question of how to form a political and social driving force that can realize Minshengzhuyi. Though Sun Wen opposed the class struggle, he did not offer a viable alternative. This is a problem that China has yet to solve. The future of China's socialist practice will also depend on how it solves this problem.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.