Preparation and characterization of microporous NaOHactivated carbons from hydrofluoric acid leached rice husk and its application for lead(II) adsorption

A. F. Hassan; A. M. Youssef

Preparation and characterization of microporous NaOHactivated carbons from hydrofluoric acid leached rice husk and its application for lead(II) adsorption

Carbon Letters
Abbr : Carbon Lett.
2014, 15(1), pp.57-66
Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General

A. F. Hassan ¹, A. M. Youssef ²

¹Damanhour University
²Mansoura University

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Three activated carbons (ACs) were prepared using NaOH (N) as an activating agent. Hydrofluoricacid pre-leached rice husk was used as a precursor. After leaching, the precursorwas washed with distilled water, dried, crushed, and then sieved; a size fraction of 0.3-0.5mm was selected for carbonization in the absence of air at 600°C. The carbonization product(LC) was mixed with NaOH at ratios of 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 (wt of LC: wt of NaOH) andthe produced ACs after activation at 800°C were designated NLC21, NLC31, and NLC41,respectively. Surface and textural properties were determined using nitrogen adsorption at-196°C, scanning electron microscopy images, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fouriertransform infrared spectra . These ACs were used as adsorbents for lead(II) from aqueoussolutions. The effects of the textural properties and the chemistry of the carbon surfaceswere investigated and the impact of the operation conditions on the capacity for lead(II)sorption was also considered. Modification of NLC41 with H2O2 and HNO3 gave two otheradsorbents, HNLC41 and NNLC41 respectively. These two new samples exhibited the highestremoval capacities for lead(II), i.e.117.5 and 128.2 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption datafitted the Langmuir isotherm and the kinetic adsorption followed pseudo-second order kinet-ics. The thermodynamic parameters have been determined and they indicated a spontaneousendothermic process.

KEYWORDS

activated carbon, rice husk, lead(II) adsorption

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Total Citation Counts(KCI+WOS) (25) This is the number of times that the duplicate count has been removed by comparing the citation list of WoS and KCI.

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