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Agricultural Policy of the Korean Empire

  • 중앙사론
  • 2017, (46), pp.135-176
  • Publisher : Institute for Historical Studies at Chung-Ang University
  • Research Area : Humanities > History

Young Hak LEE 1

1한국외국어대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

After King Gojong returned to Kyungwoon Palace from the Russian Legation in February 1897, he established the Korean Empire and laid down many reform policies in the following October. Politically, to strengthen his imperial power, he weakened rival groups, such as the Independence Club and traditional yangban officials to establish his own force. After 1899, agriculture policy in the Korean Empire was developed and enforced by Naejangwon, which collected agricultural taxes, rather than by official government organizations, such as the Department of Agriculture, Commerce, and Industry. As agricultural productivity advanced, redistribution of wealth was needed to rebuild rural communities and improve farmers’ lives. The Korean Empire sought to develop agriculture by establishing farming companies led by the government or the private sector. Agriculture companies were divided into two categories depending on its functions. One category was the companies which tried to improve farming tools or repair facilities, and farming technique education. The other was the companies that focused on cultivating devastated land to farm. In nineteenth century East Asia, silk was a major trade item, and intellectuals of Chosun went to Japan to study and learn Japanese advanced sericulture skills. They returned to Korea in 1899 to found the Korean Empire Artificial Sericulture Limited Partnership, which performed sericulture and ancestral rites and taught sericulture skills by establishing artificial sericulture training centers. With support from the Korea government, they established a sericulture education department at the Department of Agriculture, Commerce, and Industry, and trained students greatly enhanced sericulture business by establishing schools and companies throughout.

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