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Imperial Rescript (Chokugo), Imperial Rescript (Shousho) and an Anti-war Senryu

  • Cross-Cultural Studies
  • 2018, 51(), pp.25-44
  • DOI : 10.21049/ccs.2018.51..25
  • Publisher : Center for Cross Culture Studies
  • Research Area : Humanities > Literature
  • Received : May 10, 2018
  • Accepted : June 30, 2018
  • Published : June 30, 2018

Ken Kurumisawa 1

1와세다대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Modern Japanese “Anti-war poetry” originates from Sino-Japanese war and Russo-Japanese war period. Sino-Japanese war was started by an Imperial rescript of war declared and ordered by the Japanese Emperor to the Japanese citizens. With this declaration, the Emperor gave a message to the population that Objection was not acceptable. This Declaration of Imperial Rescript (Shousho) became justified as being a Crusade or Holy war. Any Anti-war stance was considered an ideology of revolt against the Emperor and his order of Imperial rescript (Okotoba). This was why when Akiko Yosano’s “Don’t you dare lay down your life” (1904) was published, it received harsh criticisms such as “be punished in the name of the nation”. Anti-war poetry as a way of free speech was suppressed. Short poem was especially targeted. Because it is seen as a minor genre, short poem has been passed over. It needs to be reappraised for its importance as a category of anti-war poetry. Notably, modern short poem (New Senryu) has been under oppression and relentless surveillance because of its stance of criticizing politics and society in general by making full use of satire and irony. A supreme example of satirizing of Imperial Rescript on education was the “An anti-war poetry” by Akiri Tsuru. This treatise is a study of how ironical technique from “An anti-war poetry” inverts the meaning of “Imperial decree” and “Imperial rescript”.

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