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Stereotypic representation of Asian women in the U.S. media and Asian American resistance: Focusing on the recent activities of Asian American female film creators

  • Cross-Cultural Studies
  • 2022, 67(), pp.203-239
  • Publisher : Center for Cross Culture Studies
  • Research Area : Humanities > Literature
  • Received : September 10, 2022
  • Accepted : October 4, 2022
  • Published : October 31, 2022

Eun-Ju Chung 1

1인천대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the distorted representation in American popular culture against Asian and Asian American women, and the historical context and significance of Asian American artists' resistance in their artistic activities. Asian descents in the USA have been treated as invisible or heterogeneous in the dichotomous racial structure of American society based on black-and-white opposition, and it has been repeated in the most popular media such as TV and movies in a way that represents Asian women as peripheral or excessively sexual exotic beings. Sexual objectification, represented as a sexy but dangerous ‘Dragon Lady’ or a sexually obedient ‘Lotus Baby’, is a stereotype of prostitution transplanted for labor exploitation of Asian men in the 19th century or due to the United States' involvement in the 20th century Asian Wars. It has been reproduced for a long time without reflecting the reality of Asian women as mostly laborers who played an indispensible role in the U.S. industrial development at that time. Asian American artists, playwrights, and filmmakers have all made attempts to address inaccurate depictions of Asians, but until Asian female creators actively intervened, preconceptions of Asian women remained unabated. The increase of verified characters of Asian women was related to the emergence of video streaming services which had the strategy of specifying minority issues, the spread of social networking, and the interest in female stories triggered by Hollywood's ‘Me Too’ movement in the mid-2010s. Above all, female creators who have begun to see the light in such technical and social changes played a significant role regaining normality in the representation of Asian women. Through their participation, Asian women are now being represented as they go through various characters and life journeys rather than one-dimensional sexual objects, reflecting the reality of Asian women little by little.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.