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‘Invented’ Incan Cultural Heritage: Role of Local Elite in Cuzco and Their Ideological Foundation

  • Cross-Cultural Studies
  • 2025, 75(), pp.221~250
  • Publisher : Center for Cross Culture Studies
  • Research Area : Humanities > Literature
  • Received : April 30, 2025
  • Accepted : June 9, 2025
  • Published : June 30, 2025

Seo Ji Hyun 1

1국립부경대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to understand Latin American cultural heritage as a 'invented' tradition, beyond the essentialist approach to cultural heritage based on ancient civilisations and the romanticisation of cultural heritage. In particular, this study focused on the case of Machu Picchu and the Inti Raymi festival known as the cultural heritage representing the Inca civilisation in Peru. It examined the ideological background and process of inventing the cultural heritage that represented the Inca civilization in Peru during the first half of the 20th century. It also examined what the invented cultural heritage meant to local residents, the Peruvian people, and tourists around the world. Machu Picchu and Inti Raymi invented in the first half of the 20th century are not reenactments based on historical sources, but rather a newly "invented tradition" that provides an opportunity for not only local residents, but also Peruvians and foreign tourists to reaffirm the centrality of Cuzco and Inca history in Peruvian history and identity. Since the 1990s, Peru's tourism has been in full swing. There have been many criticisms that the cultural heritage is on the path of commercialization. However, at the same time, it still provides an opportunity to reaffirm and reconstruct what is Cuzco or Inca as its own identity.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.