2020, Vol.16, No.3

Crisisonomy 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.64

pISSN : 2466-1198 / eISSN : 2466-1201
https://journal.kci.go.kr/cemtp

This study was conducted with two research questions. First, what factors influenced the process of policy decision on the designation of “overheated speculation zones” by the Roh administration? Second, what were the roles and effects of the policy and regulations in the real estate market in South Korea? The results of the analysis using the multiple streams framework (MSF) are as follows. The real estate market in South Korea has been affected by various political characteristics of the regulations in relation to overheated speculation zones during the Kim Dae-Jung administration and those of policy measures to mitigate regionalism during the Roh administration. For instance, the Housing Comprehensive Plan announced by the Roh administration in 2003 included strong policies to control speculation in emerging housing markets. It is found that the policies made during the periods when multiple political streams intersected played a key role in connecting housing problems with solutions in South Korea.

This study examines how disaster vulnerability affects disaster resilience, focusing on the elderly, recipients of the basic livelihood security benefit, the disabled, registered foreigners and multi-cultural families as disaster vulnerable population. The disaster management budget of a local government was used as a surrogate variable for disaster resilience. The data collected from 226 basic local governments in five years from 2013 to 2017 were analyzed by PCSE and GMM. The results show that the proportion of persons with disabilities consistently and significantly affected the size of disaster management budget, while the proportion of the elderly population had a positive effect at the significance level of 10%. However, disaster-vulnerable populations did not have a significant effect. Based on the result, this study provided some implications on how disaster resilience is related to the disabled and elderly and how to manage the disaster management budget to support disaster vulnerable populations.

Considering that earthquakes are largely unpredictable and unpreventable by nature, it is critical to evacuate victims promptly to a safe location in case of a sudden occurrence. The lessons from Japan indicate a crucial role of urban parks perform as a safe shelter for earthquake evacuation, but urban parks in South Korea have not yet served such a role. This paper studies the need to improve and reform the legal system of South Korea to bolster the function of urban parks to prevent earthquake disasters. This study finds that the current legal framework has a limitation in installing disaster prevention facilities to assist evacuation and relief activities. In order to establish the function of earthquake disaster prevention in South Korea, the Urban Park Act should be amended to include urban parks as well as theme parks as a disaster prevention facility. In addition, the Framework Act on the National Land should include clauses on earthquakes. Lastly, the National Land Planning and Utilization Act should incorporate the prevention of earthquake and other disasters into its basic principles of land planning and management.