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Aspects of social movements and collective memory in the Jeonbuk region: With Focus on rituals and commemorative facilities related to the ‘uprising’ of the 1980s

  • Civil Society and NGO
  • 2024, 22(1), pp.149~183
  • Publisher : The Third Sector Institute
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general > Other Social Science in general
  • Received : April 9, 2024
  • Accepted : May 23, 2024
  • Published : June 7, 2024

Jung, Ho Gi 1

1우석대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study aims to construct the characteristics of social movements in the Jeonbuk region in the 1980s based on the subjects and events, and to examine the aspects of collective memory focusing on rituals and commemorative facilities. The social movements of this study were, May 18 Democratization Movement (5·18) and People’s Uprising of June 10th (6·10), which appeared as ‘resistance’ beyond temporary collective action and resulted in constitutional amendment. The Jeonbuk region is where both uprisings took place, but the spotlight on them was insufficient. The two uprisings in Jeonbuk have notable differences in the characteristics of the subjects and events. The subjects of 5·18 were college and high school students, and it unfolded in a state where a resistance community was not well formed. The uprising was expressed through street protests, but the main location was the campus. It was characterized by 2 college student victims, Shinheung high school student protest, and the occurrence of multiple victims. Systematic and well-organized social groups, religious groups, and college student groups played a leading role in 6·10, and there were no victims like those in 5․18. The sense of place of 6·10 was placed on the streets and squares of the city center. These characteristics of the two uprisings were reflected in the aspects of collective memory. The 5·18 rituals began in the mid-1980s with the agenda of remembrance and succession, and were evoked as their trajectories overlapped with social movements, and a memory community was well formed. The core resources of the ritual were focused on victims for decades, and expanded to important events in the 2010s. This worked in close connection with the establishment period, object, and theme of the memorial facilities. The 6·10 rituals were held several times in the nature of a political rally. After the civilian government, it became a small-scale commemorative event. And in the 2000s, it ended up being every 10-year event. The solidarity of the memory community was weak, it is not unrelated to the fact that the Jeonbuk region is the only region where commemorative facilities related to the 6·10 have not been built. In the Jeonbuk region, 6·10 does not have a high status as a local asset of social movements.

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