This study aims to empirically identify and compare the determinants of national pride and local attachment among Korean citizens through a unified analytical model. To highlight its distinctiveness from previous studies, local attachment is examined at three levels—metropolitan, municipal, and neighborhood—allowing for a nuanced understanding of their respective determinants. Using data from the 2023 Korea Social Integration Survey, multiple regression analyses were conducted. The findings reveal that higher levels of life satisfaction, trust in government, perceptions of tax fairness, social status, and age are associated with greater national pride. In addition, local attachment increases among those who own their homes and exhibit higher levels of life satisfaction, government trust and communication, inclusiveness, and social participation. Conversely, individuals with higher education levels and progressive political orientations tend to display lower levels of both national pride and local attachment. By integrating these two dimensions within a single analytical framework, this study provides valuable policy implications for strengthening social cohesion and regional governance in Korea.