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The difference of semantic function between “Shijian” & “Shihou” in combination with the same verb

Cao Baoping 1

1영남대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

“Shijian” and “Shihou” are Primary common nouns in the General Course Outline of International Chinese Teaching. “Shihou” is the first level word and “Shijian” is the second level word. But in authoritative Chinese dictionaries and textbooks, there is no difference between the interpretation of these two words, including foreign notes, which often leads to errors in using these two words. Scholars mostly discuss the semantic and functional differences of the two words when they are restricted by different attributives. However, there is little discussion on the semantic and functional differences of the structural forms of the two words when they appear after the same verb. These are the Chinese structural forms that are often encountered in Chinese learning. By means of comparison and description, this paper investigates a large number of examples in BCC corpus and CCL corpus, analyses and discusses “Shijian” and “Shihou” after four verbs-“You”, “Shi”, “Dao”, “Kan”(also commonly used verbs), and explores their semantic and functional differences. All in all, “Shijian” represents the category of time, Beyond that ,it often expresses time quantity and “agreed time”. “Shihou” can imply momentum and express “the right time point” in many tables. The noun features of “Shijian” are more obvious than “Shihou”, and “Shihou” can be regarded as an atypical special noun. “Shijian” after four verbs is a verb-object phrase with relatively loose structure, while the “Shihou” after these verbs is relatively solidified, or be a word or can be regarded as a word. The verb is followed by “Shihou”, which has been lexicalized, or is being lexicalized.

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