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Vinaya Elements in Āgama Texts as a Criterion of the School Affiliation — Taking the Six vivādamūlas as an Example —

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1독일굇팅겐불교산스크리트사전편찬소

ABSTRACT

The Āgama texts from Eastern Turkestan and those contained in the so-called Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya from Gilgit are, apart from differences in diction, by and large congruent, whereas the Vinaya texts differ from each other considerably. This circumstance has led scholars to assume that the two Buddhist schools possessed their own Vinaya traditions, but shared an Āgama tradition. The congruency between the Āgama texts from Eastern Turkestan and the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya, however, does not seem to have been confined to the Āgama citations, or to the narrative portions. In the Saṅgīti-sūtra reconstructed on the basis of Sanskrit fragments from Eastern Turkestan there are passages on the six roots of contention (Skt. ṣaḍ vivādamūlāni). These passages show a striking similarity to the corresponding portion in the Adhikara- ṇavastu from Gilgit, a degree of similarity which cannot be observed between the Shisong-lü and the Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya. From this point of view, it is tempting to assume that the Buddhists who passed down the Āgama tradition found in Eastern Turkestan possessed a Vinaya corpus which rather looked like the Vinaya from Gilgit than the Shisong-lü. Seeing that the existence of both Vinaya traditions has been proven in Eastern Turkestan, a reconsideration of the relationship between the Āgama texts from Eastern Turkestan and the so-called Sarvāstivāda Vinaya tradition including the Shisong-lü, appears to be indispensible.

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