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Establishment and Political Changes of Reconstructed Baekje: Focused on Boksin‘s Leading a Political Situation and King Pung's Responding to Him

Kim Byung Nam 1

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ABSTRACT

The reconstruction forces of Baekje asked Pung-Jang to return to the homeland as the pivot for securing Baekje dynasty’s legitimacy. Pung-Jang left Wae (Japan) in September 661, and arrived in Baekje in December. During that time, however, there was some political changes within the reconstruction forces--Boksin eliminated Dochim. Thus, he return seemed in vain. His succession to the throne was threatened because of the political upheaval. He managed to compromise with Boksin, and succeeded the throne in May 662, but he remained as a nominal king without real power. However, Boksin, though he seized the power, was embroiled in the political chaos. Baekje lost most key military bases by Shilla-Tang Combined Forces such as Jira-fortress, Yun-fortress, Deasan-stockade, Sajeong-stockade, and Jinhyeong-fortress in July 662 and Neasaji-fortress as well in August. At this, Boksin sought to settle the political disturbance by the capital to Pi-fortress (Gimje) in December 662. In February 663, however, he lost the key bases in the south such as Geoyeol-fortress, Geomul-fortress, Sapyeong, and also Deokan-fortress, one of the Five-Bangs. He was forced to retreat to Juryu-fortress(Buan) as the new capital was threatened. As the political maneuver to move the capital city to Pi Fortress failed, Boksin power was weakened. Taking the opportunity, King Pung began involving in the military affairs and strengthened his political power to the extent to raise a formal issue of ‘Boksin’s sin’. Finally, he could remove Boksin in June 663. In the end, the discord between King Pung and Boksin come to an end by a political revolt. But it was not a peaceful period to be engaged in the internecine struggles. King Pung managed to restore his legitimacy as king, but he didn't have enough time to fight against the Shilla-Tang Combined Forces.

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