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Evaluation of Representational Accuracy of Terrain in 1:50,000 Topographic Map of the Korean Peninsula

  • Journal of the Korean Cartographic Association
  • Abbr : JKCA
  • 2018, 18(2), pp.23-37
  • DOI : 10.16879/jkca.2018.18.2.023
  • Publisher : The Korean Cartographic Association
  • Research Area : Social Science > Geography > Geography in general > Cartography
  • Published : August 31, 2018

Kamyoung Kim 1

1경북대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the representational accuracy of terrain in 1:50,000 Topographic Map of the Korean Peninsula, which was made during the Japanese colonial period, using the spatial analysis techniques of GIS. For this, contour lines were digitized based on the rectified image of the topographical map. The benchmark for comparison is the contour lines of the current 1:25,000 digital map. Digital elevation models (DEM) were extracted from contour lines and surface analysis, overlay analysis, 3D analysis, and hydrological analysis were performed using them. The accuracy of topographical representation was assessed qualitatively or quantitatively by means of hillshade, elevation difference, elevation profile, the location of stream networks, stream order and length, sinuosity, and the location of ridges. The main results obtained from a case study on Bukhansan and Seoraksan Mountain are follows. First, the accuracy of topographical representation around Bukhansan Mountain, which is adjacent to Seoul, is higher than that of Seoraksan Mountain in both qualitative and quantitative evaluations. Second, the map making methods such as the symbolization of special terrains and the estimation of elevation based on the triangulation resulted in different or incorrect topographical representation. Third, accessibility and observability of terrain seems to affect the accuracy of terrain representation. The south slope of Seoraksan Mountain, which is easier to access and observe than the northern slope, was more accurately represented. The accuracy difference between Bukhansan and Seoraksan Mountain seems to be related to the importance of mapping areas in colonial management and development.

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