2013, Vol.26, No.1

The Journal Of Korean Medical Classics 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.29

pISSN : 1229-8328 / eISSN : 2713-850X
https://journal.kci.go.kr/jkmc

Objective : We tried to seek for conflicts of views among the contents in Sasang Constitutional Medicine and Traditional Medicine based on Huangdi’s Internal Classic, and to study about the Range of Lee Je-Ma’s Works, therefore finding out the limit of Sasang Constitutional Medicine in view of learning contents and practice of theory. Method : Through the texts of Longevity and Life Preservation in Eastern Medicine, such subjects will be investigated as Lee Je-Ma(李濟馬)’s comments on Huangdi’s Internal Classic and views on the herbal medicine, the relations among five viscera(五臟), taeguk(太極), four-constitution(四象), etc. Result : Lee Je-Ma’s Sasang Constitutional Medicine does not goes well in harmony with the traditional physiology which is based on the functional five zang system developed in Huangdi’s Internal Classic, and is hard to understand because of its four division method rooted in confucius academy. Conclusion : Lee Je-Ma’s view of medicine is one of the practical and valuable parts of Korean Medicine, however, its extreme four-division structure theory could be difficult to be accepted as its whole form. This is because he studied himself as a confucian, so that his work might rather be confucian than medical. When he fully devoted himself to Sasang Constitutional Medicine, he already took his age much.

Objective : The main idea of this article is to investigate the specialization of Chinese traditional medicine. The ancient shaman played a bridge role between human beings and supernatural things like ghosts. Even though he didn't have the super power, the ancients believed that he could take care of all kinds of illness. Therefore, it can be said that the medicine of Zhou Dynasty was still under the shamanism although it had already started to be specialized and professionalized. And it was the important role of the ancient shaman of that period that gave patients the shamanistic treatment on the ground of the specialized medical knowledge, which was commonly activated during that time. Method : This article is going to look into the detailed aspects of the specialization of Chinese traditional medicine through the some kinds of written attestations of Zhou Dynasty. Result : The medical knowledge of that time stayed in the early stage, so it was simple and raw. Also it had scientific and unscientific characters in itself at the same time. That's why it could be included in the shamanism; the details can be offered through another article of mine entitled A Research of Shamanistic Medical Activities on Written Attestations in the Zhou Dynasty(兩周時期的醫療巫術), which is being written now. Conclusion : From beginning of the Eastern Zhou period, the medicine gradually got to be specialized. And then the specialized medical treatment and shamanistic medical activities began to be divided as the different two occupations. Searching for various written attestations of that period, we can see lots of records about the specialized medicine treatment such as acupuncture and moxibustion and the medical substances.

Objective : This article shows that while Seishu Hanaoka(華岡靑洲) is known to have developed an effective anesthetic formula composed of traditional herbs and performed the world first partial mastectomy under a general anesthesia in 1804, anesthetic formulas very similar to those developed by him were widely recorded and deemed used in Japan and Northeast Asia before his invention. The origin of the formulas will be tracked down to compare with the several formulas broadly administered in the region. Methods : Historical literature analysis was adopted to achieve the objective. 1. Mayaku-ku (麻藥考): this book is the main medical classic by Nakagawa Syutei(中川修亭) that introduces Seishu Hanaoka, his anesthetic formulas and mastectomy. 2. Northeast medical classics: Seuideukhyobang (世醫得效方) in 1337, Uibangryuchui(醫方類聚), Uihui(宜彙) and so on. Result : Herbs such as aconitum and datura were applied as a anesthetic agent early on before the Chinese Yuan dynasty. In Korea as well, some old medical books documented such use of those herbs and relevant formulas. Conclusion : Formulas that counted as invented and employed by Seishu Hanaoka as anesthetics, in fact, had been widely known and used in the region before his era. We should pay due attention to his creativity that combined a western surgical intervention and traditional anesthetic agents and successfully performed a newly introduced surgical practice in Japan. The point is that Hanaoka took note of anesthetic herbs or formulas traditionally inherited in North-east Asian medicine and successfully applied them to the surgical procedures for breast cancer, or mastectomy and mammotomy. This history alerts us to neglected or forgotten potentials of traditional medicine in anesthetic treatment and more.