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Postposition of the King's Orders and Greetings, ‘No {ノ(乃/能)}’

  • The Japanese Language Association of Korea
  • Abbr : JLAK
  • 2023, (78), pp.163-179
  • DOI : 10.14817/jlak.2023.78.163
  • Publisher : The Japanese Language Association Of Korea
  • Research Area : Humanities > Japanese Language and Literature
  • Received : September 29, 2023
  • Accepted : November 21, 2023
  • Published : December 20, 2023

Jisoo Lee 1

1한국외국어대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Kana‘乃’ was imported by a naturalized person commented by Ono Susumu (おおのすすむ) in the early period of Empress Suiko, and adopted as a phonogram, i.e. only its reading was borrowed with no influence of its meaning, and used as a postposition. In the 2nd stage of Empress Suiko, “Manyosu”,”Kojiki” and “Japanese Historical Records” showed that it was recognized as kana in the 1st stage of Empress Suiko. It was diversely used as a main kana, and showed the highest frequency in transcription of a substantive (noun/adjective/verb) and an expletive (auxiliary verb/postposition). No particulars or notes of the postposition were found as onkana ‘(older type of kana)’ in smaller letters than those in main texts until Norito‘Shinto prayers’ and Senmyo ‘orders of an emperor/empress’. Next, kana ‘能’ was not shown in the literary of the 1st stage of Empress Suiko, original Shinto prayers or native songs of Shilla which were transcribed with Chinese characters based on the characters’ sounds. It is thus thought that the kana was used after kana ‘乃’. That is, it appeared in the 2nd stage of Empress Suiko, and was used as kana, and together with ‘乃’ showed the 1st and 2nd frequencies for writing ‘ノ’ for a substantive and an expletive. As such, it was selected as ongana to represent particulars for postposition in Norito and Senmyo.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2023 are currently being built.

This paper was written with support from the National Research Foundation of Korea.