2016, Vol.24, No.2

Korean Journal of Occupational Therapy 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 0.81

pISSN : 1226-0134 / eISSN : 2671-4450
https://journal.kci.go.kr/kjot

Objective: This study examines the flow of research on pressure ulcer preventive cushions used for people with a disability using a wheelchair, as well as the trends in the types, effects, and measurement methods regarding such cushions. Methods: Electronic databases such as RISS, KISS, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar from 2010 to 2015 were used to research various theses. “Pressure Ulcer AND Wheelchair AND Cushion” were used as the main search terminology. The theses researched were classified into three levels, and the final 13 theses were used for analysis purposes Results: The qualitative level of the dissertations most commonly involved one-group experimental studies, which numbered eight in total, and the research participants changed from non-disabled subjects to disabled subjects with spinal cord injuries. The studies on air cushions were most commonly focused on the type of pressure ulcer prevention cushion used, although newer studies on customized cushions are being actively conducted. The method for measuring the effect of pressure ulcer prevention cushions most commonly involved measuring the pressure of the seat contact area, although recent methods measuring the usability of the user and their subjective satisfaction are on the increase. Conclusion: The present study inquired into the research flow of pressure ulcer prevention cushions, and revealed the types of cushions being researched and the methods for verifying their effects. In the future, based on these research results, studies should be actively carried out for the development and research of pressure ulcer prevention cushions, and for establishing grounds for clinical services.

Objective: This study was conducted to systematically review computerized cognitive function tests for the screening of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: We searched papers published in Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library. The key words used in the search were󰡒computerized, "computer-based,󰡓󰡒cognitive assessment,󰡓󰡒screening test,󰡓 and 󰡒MCI.󰡓From a total of 12 papers, nine computerized cognitive function tests were extracted. Results: The evidence of the 12 papers ranged from level Ⅱ (91.7%) to level Ⅲ(8.3%), indicating that the overall evidence level was high. The total number of computerized cognitive function tests that can be used to screen Alzheimer's type dementia in addition to MCI was three. The subjects were selected using a variety of tests including a Mini-Mental State Examination. Most of the personal computer based tests were conducted within 3 to 30 minutes using a keyboard or mouse through a self administration. Although the test areas differ between the systems used, the memory area was included in all tests. The reliability of the tests was high and the sensitivity and specificity of the tests showed were shown to be similar to or lower than paper and pencil based tests. Conclusions: These results can be used as the basic data for developing a computerized cognitive function test for the screening of MCI.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of different interventions applied to the driving performance of older drivers. Methods: Previous studies were found from an electronic database (e.g., MEDLINE and Google Scholar) published within a ten-year period from between January 2005 to April 2015. The following key terms were used: ‘automobile driving’ (MeSH term), ‘Aged’ (MeSH term), ‘Occupational Therapy’ (MeSH term) and ‘Treatment Outcome’ (MeSH term). Seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Results: The articles reviewed included five Level I evidence articles (71.4%) and two Level Ⅱ articles (28.6%). Five intervention themes emerged from the research: (1) cognitive training, (2) physical training, (3) education program, (4) simulator training, and (5) on-road driver training. Speed-of-processing and reasoning training resulted in lower rates of at-fault collision involvement than the controls during cognitive training. Only the education program theme did not show a significant improvement, and the effectiveness increased when carried out in conjunction with on-road driver training. Driving performance was improved through physical training, simulator training, and on-road driver training. Conclusion: The articles reviewed programs for various types of interventions. It is important for occupational therapy practitioners to provide an appropriate intervention for elderly drivers to improve their driving performance. Therefore, a variety of Korean training programs for driving rehabilitation are expected to be developed.