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A Study on the Comparison between the Sangmiljuhae-Okch’ubogyŏng and the Okch’ubogyŏng ―Focusing on the Organization of the Ten-Person Unit in the Society for the Study of Buddhadharma

  • Religions of Korea
  • 2020, 47(), pp.83~117
  • Publisher : The Research Center of Religions
  • Research Area : Humanities > Religious Studies
  • Received : January 5, 2020
  • Accepted : February 5, 2020
  • Published : February 29, 2020

Lee Joung Jae 1

1경희대학교

Candidate

ABSTRACT

This paper examined how the classification of Eight Trigrams for divination (八卦; bāguà) in the Okch’ubogyŏng is the result of reconstruction based on a unit organization, unlike the conventional classification method. The paragraph division of the existing Okch’ugyŏng (玉樞經: yùshūjīng) is generally divided into 24 chapters and verses. It adds ch’ansa (eulogy), chumun (mantra), in’gyŏng (scripture of human beings), but it does not appear in separate chapters and sections. The Society for the Study of Buddhadharma [viz. Won-Buddhism] accepted some of these and expanded them to 27 paragraphs. However, it was again divided into 10 paragraphs and reconstructed for the ‘unit of ten persons’, and it was found that this division was for the purpose of reciting the ‘Nine Initial Disciples’ Prayer.’ The erasure mark is an indication of the evolution from a nine-person prayer unit to a group prayer format, and at the same time it is consistent with Choi Byeong-du’s Sangmiljuhae-Okch’ubogyŏng. In other words, it was based on his book. The paragraph division of the Okch’ubogyŏng was intended to coincide with the time of reading, and unlike the unit prayer at Gilyong-li, the group prayer at Kyeongseong (previous Seoul) and Sinyong-dong of Iksan was not much concerned with time and space. The erasure mark was proof of this kind of readjustment. The number of chapters varied from book to book. This study revealed that the reunification of various kinds of books was conducted according to Choi Byeong-du’s book. This proves that the use of books was very frequent at that time. The existence of various scriptures is a clue that reveals traces of group prayer and practice with Okch’ugyŏng in many other regions besides Gilyong-li. It is also a point of succession to the history and spirit of Gilyong-li. These books show the creativity in utilization of unit prayers and show vividly the process of seeking the Way before the publication of the early scriptures of the Order. However, there is a limitation regarding this study in that it could not be determined on what basis division markers were deleted in the Okch’ubogyŏng. When this point is settled matters will be clearer. The Okch’ugyŏng was the core scripture of the Korean people’s desire for awakening, and it was read in the belief that it had the power to ward off evil spirits, bring forth benign spirits, and inspire acts of goodness. This becomes clearer as the data becomes available. The prayer method of reading the Okch’ugyŏng and the utilization of it as a prayer text at the time of prayer of nine initial disciples should be reevaluated. It is also valuable information that it is directly related to the process of organization of the ten person unit. It is the cradle where the proceedings of the hidden authorities and the Day of Dharma Authentication were born, and is directly connected to the beginning of the Won-Buddhist organization of units.

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