2005, Vol.44, No.

The Korea Spatial Planning Review 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.2

pISSN : 1229-8638
https://journal.kci.go.kr/krihs

The industrialization and urbanization of Korea in the 20th century has brought about the collapse of rural region. So, it is claimed that the balanced territorial land development would not be possible without the rehabilitation of the rural region. This paper suggests a model of 'the urban-rural circulatory system' as a new model of rural development. This model emphasizes the buildup of the endogeny of the rural region through the linkage among regions, especially the linkage between urban and rural. Above all, we give attention to the 'circulatory linkage' between urban and rural. This model supposes a circulatory structure which enables the circulation of labour, money and products as well as the circulation of natural resources and the recycling of wastes between urban and rural. However, the circulatory structure can be attained only when the mutual and complementary relationship between the urban and rural functions is made. For this circulatory structure, the policy priority must be given to the policies to secure the rural functions. This is termed as the principle of 'the local(rural) initiative'. This paper also deliberately suggests 'the Law of Circulatory Society Promotion' for the realization of circulatory society on the base of the local initiative principle.

The Nagoya in Japan introduced special districts, ‘the Special District for Restriction Use on Upper Floors’ with the object of housing supply at city center and increasing the number of resident population by deregulation on the floor area ratio of residential buildings. By the system, the designated floor area ration is loosened from 400% to 500%, and floor more than five stories of buildings are restricted to residential use. This study intends to examine the effect of the system that has been introduced for housing supply and increasing of resident population, and providing basic information to promote the city center residence in the future. This study analyzes the effect of the system in two aspects, which are ① change in residential use, and ② intensive land use available with the loosening of floor area ratio. In analyzing the case this study investigates the change of floor area in the study districts and the change of floor area by use. Also it examines how effective the incentive of floor area ratio under the system has been based on the change of floor area ratio of apartments built after 1996. The analysis results show the effect has appeared after introduction of the system from a viewpoint of the housing supply and the efficient use of floor area ratio.

On December 26, 2004, a strong earthquake hit Indonesia's Banda Atjeh area. It severly damaged countries around Indian Ocean, as well as some in Africa. Korea is not an exception for this kind of natural disaster. In fact, it routinely suffers from storms and floods, such as typhoon Rusa of August 2002 and typhoon Maemi of September 2003. Besides, earthquake occurs more frequently in the recent days. Japan, exposed to many natural disasters as well, however, is not really vulnerable to serious damages. This is attributable to systematic preparation in urban planning aspects. In fact, Japan's systematic approaches to disaster management in urban planning just traces back to 1995, in which Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake was occurred. On those backgrounds and goals, this research analyses Japanese urban planning case in four perspectives: policy, investigation, plan, and project. The research draws implications and conclusions on this analysis. As a conclusion, the article suggests two ways of disaster management into Korean urban planning: strengthening its institutional position and complementing its context.