@article{ART002845517},
author={Na-Yeon Kang and Kyoung Kim},
title={Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial},
journal={Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine},
issn={1975-311X},
year={2022},
volume={17},
number={2},
pages={29-40}
TY - JOUR
AU - Na-Yeon Kang
AU - Kyoung Kim
TI - Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial
JO - Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
PY - 2022
VL - 17
IS - 2
PB - The Korean Society of Physical Medicine
SP - 29
EP - 40
SN - 1975-311X
AB - PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of an exercise program for the thoracic spine and scapula rather than the neck, which is the primary site of pain. METHODS: Thirty-two elementary school teachers with a forward head posture (FHP) were assigned randomly to either the experimental group (n = 16) or the control group (n = 16). The experimental group performed scapular stabilization exercise (SSE) and thoracic extension exercise (TEE), and the control group performed cervical self-myofascial release exercise and stretching exercise. The pulmonary functions, pain, craniovertebral angle (CVA), and cervical range of motion (CROM) were measured before the intervention and six weeks after. RESULTS: The within-group comparisons showed that the VAS and CROM (except for extension) in both groups were significantly different before and after the intervention (p < .05). The changes in the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at 1 sec (FEV1), and CVA were significant only in the experimental group (p < .05). The between-group comparisons showed a significant difference in the FVC, FEV1, VAS, CVA, and left lateral flexion (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The combination of SSE and TEE in the experimental group was more effective in improving the FHP and breathing ability. Moreover, the experimental group and control combination appeared to be effective in reducing pain and improving the CROM. The combination of SSE and TEE, which are exercises that do not target the cervical spine directly, was effective in improving the posture, respiration, neck pain, and CROM in elementary school teachers with FHP.
KW - Cervical spine;Exercise;Forward head posture;Neck pain
DO -
UR -
ER -
Na-Yeon Kang and Kyoung Kim. (2022). Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 17(2), 29-40.
Na-Yeon Kang and Kyoung Kim. 2022, "Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial", Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, vol.17, no.2 pp.29-40.
Na-Yeon Kang, Kyoung Kim "Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial" Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine 17.2 pp.29-40 (2022) : 29.
Na-Yeon Kang, Kyoung Kim. Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial. 2022; 17(2), 29-40.
Na-Yeon Kang and Kyoung Kim. "Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial" Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine 17, no.2 (2022) : 29-40.
Na-Yeon Kang; Kyoung Kim. Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 17(2), 29-40.
Na-Yeon Kang; Kyoung Kim. Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2022; 17(2) 29-40.
Na-Yeon Kang, Kyoung Kim. Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial. 2022; 17(2), 29-40.
Na-Yeon Kang and Kyoung Kim. "Effects of a Combination of Scapular Stabilization and Thoracic Extension Exercises on Respiration, Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Cervical Range of Motion in Elementary School Teachers with a Forward Head Posture: a Randomized Controlled Trial" Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine 17, no.2 (2022) : 29-40.