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INSTRUCTION FOR AUTHORS

 

Manuscripts for submission to Anatomy & Biological Anthropology (Anat Biol Anthropol) should be prepared according to the following instructions. For issues not addressed in these instructions, the authors is referred to the “Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals: Writing and Editing for Biomedical Publication” (http://www.icmje.org/).

 

ETHICS REGULATIONS

 

The journal adheres to the ethical guidelines for research and publication described in Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (http://kamje.or.kr./pubishing_ethics.html) and Guidelines on Good publication (http://publicationethics.org/static/1999/1999pdf13.pdf).

 

1. Authorship

 

According to the International Committee on Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), an author is defined as one who has made substantive intellectual contribution to the development of a manuscript. The ICMJE guidelines state that “authorship credit should be based on 1) substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data; 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and 3) final approval of the version to be published; 4) Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. Authors should meet conditions 1, 2, 3 and 4. If more than 10 authors are listed for any given manuscript, it will be sent back to the Corresponding Author. Overage should be relocated to the “Acknowledgment” section of the manuscript; authors may write on behalf of “working groups;” all members of working groups can be listed in the acknowledgement section. Special exceptions to this rule can be sought via special request: The Editor-in-Chief will consider your request after you have filled out a form in which all authors attest and sign that they have fulfilled all 4 conditions of authorship. Manuscripts are not allowed to have more than 20 authors. After the initial submission of a manuscript, any changes whatsoever in authorship (adding author(s), deleting author(s), or re-arranging the order of authors) must be explained by a letter to the Editor from the authors concerned. This letter must be signed by all authors on the paper. Copyright assignment must be completed by every author.

 

2. Conflict of Interest

A conflict of interest may exist when an author (the author’s institution or employer) has financial or personal relationships or affiliations that could bias the author’s decisions of the manuscript. Authors are expected to provide detailed information about all relevant financial interests and relationships or financial conflicts, particularly those present at the time the research was conducted and through publication, as well as other financial interests (such as patent applications in preparation), that represent potential future financial gain. All disclosures of any potential conflicts of interest, including specific financial interests and relationships and affiliations (other than those affiliations listed in the title page of the manuscript) relevant to the subject of their manuscript will be disclosed by the corresponding author on behalf of each co-author, if any, as part of the submission process. Likewise, authors without conflicts of interest will be required to state so as part of the submission process. If authors are uncertain about what constitutes relevant financial interests or relationships, they should contact the editorial office.

 

3. Animal and Human Subjects

All studies involving human subjects or human data must be reviewed and approved by a responsible Institutional Review Board (IRB). Please refer to the principles embodied in the Declaration of Helsinki (https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/) for all investigations involving human materials. Animal experiments also should be reviewed by an appropriate committee (IACUC) for the care and use of animals. Also studies with pathogens requiring a high degree of biosafety should pass review of a relevant committee (IBC). The approval should be described in the Methods section. For studies of humans including case reports, state whether informed consents were obtained from the study participants. The editor of Anatomy & Biological Anthropology may request submission of copies of informed consents from human subjects in clinical studies or IRB approval documents. The Anatomy & Biological Anthropology will follow the guidelines by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE, http://publicationethics.org/) for settlement of any misconduct.

 

4. Sex and Gender Use

Ensure correct use of the terms sex (when reporting biological factors) and gender (identity, psychosocial or cultural factors), and, unless inappropriate, report the sex and/or gender of study participants, the sex of animals or cells, and describe the methods used to determine sex and gender. If the study was done involving an exclusive population, for example in only one sex, authors should justify why, except in obvious cases (e.g., prostate cancer).

 

5. Originality and Duplicate Publication

All submitted manuscripts should be original and should not be considered by other scientific journals for publication at the same time. Any part of the accepted manuscript should not be duplicated in any other scientific journal without the permission of the Editorial Board. If duplicate publication related to the papers of this journal and their institutes will be informed, and there also will be penalties for the authors.

 

6. Plagiarism

Authors must obtain permission to reproduce any copyright material, and include an acknowledgement of the source in their articles. Authors should be aware that the unreferenced use of the published ideas, writing, or illustrations of others, from whatever source (including research grant applications), or submission of a complete paper under ‘new’ authorship in the same or a different language, constitutes plagiarism.

 

 

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

 

1. Original Articles

The sections of the manuscript for original articles should be organized in the following order: 1) title page, 2) abstract and keywords, 3) introduction, 4) materials and methods, 5) results, 6) discussion, 7) acknowledgements (if necessary), 8) references, 9) tables, 10) figure legends, and 11) figures.

The manuscript, in English, must be in double-spaced typing on pages of A4 size (21  29 cm; leaving margins of 2 cm on the left, right, top, and bottom). Use 12 point Times New Roman style font. All manuscript pages are to be numbered consecutively, beginning with the abstract as page 1.

 

Title Page

The title page should be the first page of the manuscript and should include:

-       Title of paper

-       Full name of author(s) with ORCID iDs.

-       Running title: not to exceed 20 letters in Korean or 10 words in English.

-       Institutional affiliation: The name of the department should be included for each author. If there are several authors with different affiliations, the author’s institute should be expressed as superscripts (like 1, 2, 3, etc.) next to the name of the relevant author and then the name of the affiliation in order.

-       Correspondence to: The corresponding author’s name and institutional affiliation including the name of the department, and e-mail address should be included.

 

Abstract and keywords

The abstract should be a brief description of the manuscript, not exceeding 700 letters in Korean or 400 words in English. Abbreviations and reference citations should be avoided. A list of keywords, with a maximum of five terms in English, should be included at the end of the abstract. The selection of keywords should be based on those of the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) of Index Medicus, and each keyword should begin with a capital letter.

 

Introduction

The introduction should address the purpose of the study briefly and concisely, and should report only on background information related to the purpose of the study.

 

Materials and Methods

The design, subjects, and methods should be described in order. Authors should provide the name and location (city and state/country) of the source for specified chemicals, equipment, and non-generic drugs. Explanation of the experimental methods should be sufficient for replication by other researchers, though methods that have been reported in detail elsewhere may be described briefly by citation of references. However, new methods or modifications of previously published methods should be described sufficiently for other researchers to understand. The methods of statistical verification on the results should be clarified.

 

Results

The authors should describe clearly and logically their significant findings of observations or results corresponding to the purpose of the study, following the order in the methods. The authors should avoid overlapping descriptions between the figures or tables and the main text, describing important results only.

 

Discussion

Important or new findings from the results of the study should be emphasized and the consequent conclusions described, while repetition of the contents in the introduction and the results should be avoided. The significance and limitations of the study, and comparisons with the results of the other related studies should be addressed. Conclusions should be also drawn in the discussion section. The conclusions should include a comprehensive description of the authors’ rationale and supporting evidence from the results and discussion sections and should correspond to the purpose of the study mentioned in the introduction. A simple summary or list of the results should be avoided.

 

Acknowledgements

When necessary, acknowledgements shall be provided for those who contributed to the study in some way that would be insufficient to be considered authors. The acknowledgements should express appreciation for the concrete roles of the contributors in the study (e.g., data collection, statistical processing, and experimental analysis) and the authors should notify these individuals that their names will be included in the acknowledgements for their consent in advance.

Funding information must appear under the Acknowledgements heading.

 

References

Abbreviations for the literature shall be based on the Index Medicus (see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=journals). The reference works are provided within [ ] according to the order of the citations in the text.

Journal references should follow the examples below. For more examples, “Citing Medicine: the NLM Style Guide for Authors, Editors, and publishers” (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/citingmedicine) should be consulted.

 

Journal article

Standard journal article

Kim T, Woo EJ, Park S. Principles of Archaeogenetics and the Current Trends of Ancient Genome Studies. Korean J Phys Anthropol. 2018;31:105-19.

 

More than six authors

Lee KW, Choi YJ, Lee HJ, Gil YC, Kim HJ, Tansatit T, et al. Classification of unusual insertion of the pectoralis minor muscle. Surg Radiol Anat. 2018;40:1357-61.

 

Articles with a Digital Object Identifier(DOI)

Shin HJ, Lee SH, Ha TJ, Song WC, Koh KS. Intramuscular Nerve Distribution in the Medial Rectus Muscle and Its Clinical Implications. Curr Eye Res. 2019 Jan 9. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1562556.

 

Organization as author

Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Hypertension, insulin, and proinsulin in participants with impaired glucose tolerance. Hypertension. 2002; 40:679-86.

 

Articles not in English

Cho KJ, Kim S. Changes of Recognition to Death Before and After Observation on the Cadaver Dissection to Paramedical Students. Korean J Phys Anthropol 2018;31:159-65. Korean.

 

Volume with supplement

Geraud G, Spierings EL, Keywood C. Tolerability and safety of frovatriptan with short- and long-term use for treatment of migraine and in comparison with sumatriptan. Headache. 2002;42 Suppl 2:S93-9.

 

Books

Moore KL Dalley AF, Agur AM. Clinically oriented anatomy. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2018.

 

Advanced Life Support Group. Acute medical emergencies: the practical approach. London: BMJ Books; 2001. 454 p.

 

National Lawyer's Guild AIDs Network (US); National Gay Rights Advocates (US). AIDS practice manual: a legal and educational guide. 2nd ed. San Francisco: The Network; 1988.

 

Book chapter

Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. pp. 93-113.

 

Website

National Cancer Institute. Cancer genome anatomy project [Internet]. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute; c2011 [cited 2019 Jan 15]. Available from: http://cgap.nci.nih.gov/.

 

Thesis

Kim JN. Morphological differences of follicular units in three regions of the androgenetic alopecic scalp using cross-sectional histology and three-dimensional reconstruction. Doctoral Thesis. Konkuk University. 2013

 

Tables

Tables should be double-spaced on separate pages and included at the end of the text document, with the table number and title indicated. Tables should be created in MS Word using the “Insert Table” command; tabs and/or spaces should not be used to create tables, columns, or rows. Tables with internal divisions (Table 1A and B) should be submitted as individual tables, i.e., Tables 1 and 2. Symbols for units should be confined to column headings. Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and defined in the table legend. Symbols should be marked with lowercase alphabet letters in the order their usage (a), b), c), etc.).

If tables are taken from other sources, this should be noted in the legend, and the author must be able to provide written permission for reproduction obtained from the original publisher and author.

 

Figures

Anatomy & Biological Anthropology uses digital publishing methods throughout the journal production process. If your article is accepted, it will be published both in the printed journal and online. The following sections provide information on how to format your figures to ensure the best possible reproduction of your images. Please note that file formats other than JPEG or TIFF will be automatically rejected by the online submission website.

Digital specifications for authors that are able and prefer to convert digital figures themselves: please use applications capable of creating high-resolution TIFF files. All images should be at least 300 dpi. Color images should be created in RGB color format.

It is strongly recommended that authors converting their own digital files also send the original source files to the The Anatomy & Biological Anthropology Editorial office electronically (anatomy@kku.ac.kr) in the event that the converted files are not include those of poor quality due to improper conversion and/or incorrect resolution (dpi) and/or the use of too many software applications in the creation of the file.

 

Figure legends

Table and figure legends should be included within the text file and contain sufficient information to be understood without reference to the text. Each should begin with a short title for the figure. All abbreviations and symbols should be explained within the legend.

 

Abbreviations, Units, and Symbols

Units and abbreviations: a guide for medical authors and editors. 6th ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2008. Abbreviations should be used only when necessary, e.g., for long chemical names, procedures, or terms used throughout the article. When used, they are to be defined where first used, followed by the acronym or abbreviation in parentheses. Abbreviations are not allowed in the title, but may be used in tables and figures. Abbreviations should be defined at the end of the table or figure legend for every table or figure where they appear. Symbols, units, and abbreviations should be expressed using the International System of Units (SI), as given in: Baron DN.

 

Nomenclature

Gene names and loci should be in italics; proteins should be in a Roman font such as Times New Roman. Chemical nomenclature should follow the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) definitive rules for nomenclature.

 

Statistics

Calculations and the validity of deductions made from them should be checked and validated by a statistician.

 

2. Review Articles

Review articles shall be limited to invited review articles, selected by the Editorial Board as addressing a significant theme from areas relevant to cell biology based on anatomy and whose authors were selected and referred on the basis of articles published in this or other journals. The submitted manuscripts will be decided for publication after peer review with the supervision of the journal’s Editorial Board. The length of the manuscript should not exceed 5000 words excluding cover letter, tables, figures, and references. The reference list should not exceed 100.

 

3. Case Reports

Case reports shall address states of disease that have not been reported before or have rarely been seen, and those that have already been reported on but are distinctively different from cases in previous reports may be submitted to this journal. The manuscript should not exceed 1,500 words excluding cover letter, tables, figures, and references. A maximum of 15 references is permitted; all references should pertain to the featured case. The abstract, unlike, those for original articles, should have only one paragraph, no more than 150 words, and be written in English. The cover letter should include the phrase “Case Report,” and the report’s title should not include “…case” or “A case of.” The case report should be organized in the following order: 1) title page, 2) abstract and keywords, 3) introduction (without an ‘introduction’ heading), 4) case report(s) (case Ⅰ, case Ⅱ…), 5) discussion, 6) acknowledgements (if necessary), 7) references, 8) tables, 9) figures, and 10) figure legends. The page numbers in the manuscript should be counted from the title page and appear in the center of the bottom of each page.  

The keywords should be in accordance with those for original articles. The introduction shall briefly describe the general background and significant findings related to the relevant case. The discussion shall focus on what the case report emphasizes, and end with a conclusion summarizing the main points that does not have a separate ‘conclusion’ heading.

 

4. Short Communications

A short communication manuscript should be prepared with the following sequence of sections: 1) title page, 2) abstract and key words, 3) text without section titles, 4) acknowledgements (if necessary), 5) references, 6) tables or figures, and 7) figure legends. Maximums: one-paragraph unstructured abstract, 150 words; word count of the text, 1,500 words; number of references, 20; number of figure parts, 2; number of table, 1.

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