2007, Vol.20, No.4

THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023 KCI Impact Factor : 1.67

pISSN : 1229-0718 / eISSN : 2671-6542
https://journal.kci.go.kr/baldal

This study aimed at examining developmental changes in understanding of second-order mental states. Five-, 7-, 9-, 11-, and 13-year-old children participated in this study. Two second-order false-belief tasks were used. Tasks were modified versions of Perner and Wimmer's(1985) 2nd-order tasks and Sullivan et al.'s(1994) 2nd-order tasks. Children were asked 4 test questions(1st-order true belief, 1st-order false belief, 2nd-order ignorance, 2nd-order false belief) to test their understanding of mental states. The results were as follows: First, 5-year-old children were able to understand 1st-order mental states but not 2nd-order metal states. Second, understanding of false belief occurred later than understanding of knowledge or ignorance(true belief, ignorance). Third, 2nd-order false belief were demonstrated at age 7 and develops by 11 years old.

This study examined the relationship among the attachment style, communication competence and marital satisfaction with male and female adults of the thirties and forties in the first decade of marriage. ANOVA revealed men with secure attachments had the highest marital satisfaction than the ones with other attachment styles. Among 4 dimensions of communication competence, altercentrism explained significantly the marital satisfactions of men and, expressiveness and self-disclosure explained significantly that of women. Also women and the one with secure attachments had higher communication competence than their counterparts. Regression analysis found the man's communication competence mediated the relationships of attachments and marital satisfaction, while women's communication competence did not interact with attachments.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of perceived parental conflict, maternal behavior, and social support on school-age children's subjective well-being: emotional and psychological well-being. 889 children (M=10.68 years, SD= .91) were recruited from nine public elementary schools in Seoul, South Korea. Within the sample there were 464 boys and 425 girls from grades 4-6. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 5.0. The results were the following; First, children's perceived parental conflict is negatively related to children's subjective well-being. Second, the effect of children's perceived parental conflict on children's subjective well-being is not mediated significantly by children's perceived maternal behavior. Third, the effect of children's perceived parental conflict on children's subjective well-being is mediated by the two factors, maternal behavior and social support. Fourth, maternal behavior is positively related to children's subjective well-being. Fifth, the effect of children's perceived maternal behavior on children's subjective well-being is mediated by children's perceived social support. Sixth, children's perceived social support is positively related to children's subjective well-being.