KJCKorea
Journal Central

This study investigated age differences in facial and verbal ex pressions during autobiographical memory narration and examined their associations with subjectiv e well-being. Participants included 34 young adults ( M = 22.18) and 31 older adults ( M = 75.94). They recalled emotional life events and completed a subjective well-being scale. Facial expressions wer e coded using the Facial Expression Coding System (FACES), and verbal expressions were evaluated us ing the Autobiographical Interview (AI) rating system. Both facial and verbal expressions were cla ssified as positive or negative. The results showed that older adults displayed a higher frequency o f negative facial emotional expressions, whereas young adults produced more verbal emotional expressions . Emotional expression was associated with subjective well-being among young adults. These findings suggest that emotional expression may differ depending on the expression channel and m ay be related to personal well-being. Implications, limitations, and directions for future research a re discussed.

This study examined the sequential mediating effects of parents ’ positive emotional expressiveness and positive parenting behaviors on the association between par ents’ cognitive emotion regulation strategies and emotional and behavioral problems in elementary school children. To this end, an online self-report survey was administered to parents of elementary sc hool children to assess their adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, positive emotional exp ressiveness, positive parenting behaviors, and children’s emotional and behavioral problems. Using Hayes’ (2018) PROCESS Macro Model 6, the results indicated that the sequential mediation of positive emo tional expressiveness and positive parenting behaviors in the relationship between parents’ adapti ve cognitive emotion regulation strategies and their children’s emotional and behavioral proble ms was statistically significant. These findings empirically support a process linking parents’ cogniti ve emotion regulation strategies to emotional expressiveness and parenting behaviors, suggesting th at cognitive, emotional, and behavioral interventions that enhance parents’ cognitive emotion regulatio n strategies and promote positive emotional expressiveness and parenting behaviors in parental education and counseling settings may help alleviate or prevent children’s emotional and behavioral p roblems

Attention bias, the differential allocation of attention to foreground objects versus background context in everyday perception, is shaped by culture and exhibits patterns similar to adults from approximately age seven onwards. However, limited research demonstrates the direct influence of caregivers as cultural transmitters in shaping attention patterns during early development. This study measured cultural attention bias using a scene description task among 127 dyads of Korean children aged 3-5 years and their mothers, and examined whether individual differences in mothers’ attention bias predicted their children’s attention bias. The results showed that both children aged 3-5 and their mothers displayed foreground-focused attention patterns in their descriptions. This pattern differed from previous findings in Korean adults but resembled attention bias patterns observed in North America. Furthermore, the stronger the mothers’ tendency to describe foreground objects, the greater the proportion of foreground references in their children’s descriptions. This predictive effect remained significant after controlling for children’s age, suggesting that caregivers, as cultural transmitters, may directly contribute to shaping children’s attention patterns during early development.