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@article{ART003380889},
author={Youn-Hea Kim and CHOI EUN SIL and Yun Jinyoung and Areum Yang},
title={Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children},
journal={THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY},
issn={1229-0718},
year={2026},
volume={39},
number={3},
pages={1-38}

TY - JOUR
AU - Youn-Hea Kim
AU - CHOI EUN SIL
AU - Yun Jinyoung
AU - Areum Yang
TI - Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children
JO - THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
PY - 2026
VL - 39
IS - 3
PB - The Korean Society For Developmental Psychology
SP - 1
EP - 38
SN - 1229-0718
AB - This study aimed to develop and validate a caregiver-reported temperament scale for children in Grades 1–6. Based on classic and contemporary theories of temperament, 94 initial items were developed. After content validity evaluation and pilot testing, 79 items were retained. Exploratory factor analysis conducted with 484 caregivers supported six factors: Activity Level, Behavioral Inhibition, Positive Emotionality, Negative Emotionality, Social Sensitivity, and Effortful Control. Ultimately, 39 items were retained. Confirmatory factor analysis conducted with 550 caregivers indicated an acceptable model fit (CFI = .900, RMSEA = .053, SRMR = .063). Criterion-related validity and reliability analyses also supported this scale. This study is meaningful because it developed a six-factor temperament scale for school-age children using a rational-empirical approach grounded in classic and contemporary temperament theories
KW - Children;Caregiver-Report;Six-factor temperament scale;Scale development and validation
DO -
UR -
ER -

Youn-Hea Kim, CHOI EUN SIL, Yun Jinyoung and Areum Yang. (2026). Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, 39(3), 1-38.

Youn-Hea Kim, CHOI EUN SIL, Yun Jinyoung and Areum Yang. 2026, "Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children", THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, vol.39, no.3 pp.1-38.

Youn-Hea Kim, CHOI EUN SIL, Yun Jinyoung, Areum Yang "Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children" THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 39.3 pp.1-38 (2026) : 1.

Youn-Hea Kim, CHOI EUN SIL, Yun Jinyoung, Areum Yang. Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children. 2026; 39(3), 1-38.

Youn-Hea Kim, CHOI EUN SIL, Yun Jinyoung and Areum Yang. "Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children" THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 39, no.3 (2026) : 1-38.

Youn-Hea Kim; CHOI EUN SIL; Yun Jinyoung; Areum Yang. Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY, 39(3), 1-38.

Youn-Hea Kim; CHOI EUN SIL; Yun Jinyoung; Areum Yang. Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY. 2026; 39(3) 1-38.

Youn-Hea Kim, CHOI EUN SIL, Yun Jinyoung, Areum Yang. Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children. 2026; 39(3), 1-38.

Youn-Hea Kim, CHOI EUN SIL, Yun Jinyoung and Areum Yang. "Development and Validation of a Caregiver-Reported Six-Factor Temperament Scale for School-Aged Children" THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 39, no.3 (2026) : 1-38.