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Removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) From Aqueous solution UsingOxidized Activated Carbons Developed From Pecan Shells

  • Carbon Letters
  • Abbr : Carbon Lett.
  • 2008, 9(1), pp.8-16
  • Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
  • Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General

A. M. Youssef 1 Sahar M. EL-Khouly 2 Th. El-Nabarawy 2

1Mansoura University
2National Research Center

Candidate

ABSTRACT

Oxidized activated carbons were prepared by reacting steam-activated carbon developed from pecan shells with nitric acidof varying strength (15, 30, 45 and 60%). The textural properties and the chemistry of the surface of the non-oxidized and ofthe oxidized carbons were determined from nitrogen adsorption and base neutralization capacities. The uptake of Pb(I) andCd(II) from aqueous solution by these carbons was determined by kinetic and equilibrium experiments as well as by thecolumn method.Treatment with nitric acid brought about drastic decrease in surface area and remarkable increase in the pore size of thecarbon with these changes depending on the strength of nitric acid. Nitric acid increased the surface acidity by developingnew surface oxygen functional groups of acidic nature. HNO3-oxidized carbons exhibited high adsorption capacities for Pb(II)and Cd(II). The adsorption of these ions increased with the decrease of the surface pH of the carbon and with the increase ofthe solution pH from 2.5 to 6 and 7. The amount adsorbed from lead and cadmium was also related to the amount of surfaceacidity, the pH of the point of zero charge and on some metal ion parameters. Cadmium and lead uptake by the investigatedcarbons followed pseudo-second order model and the equilibrium sorption data fitted Langmuir adsorption model.

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