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N-, P-co-doped hierarchically porous carbon fiber derived from bamboo pulp as efficient carbocatalyst for reduction of 4-nitrophenol

  • Carbon Letters
  • Abbr : Carbon Lett.
  • 2024, 34(8), pp.2137-2148
  • DOI : 10.1007/s42823-024-00758-6
  • Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
  • Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General
  • Received : January 18, 2024
  • Accepted : May 31, 2024
  • Published : December 5, 2024

Zhang Liyun 1 Zhou Weihai 1 Cao Yongle 1 Zhang Heng 1 Zhu Wancheng 1

1Qufu Normal University

Accredited

ABSTRACT

For metal-free carbocatalysts, heteroatom doping and hierarchically porous structure are the significant factors to improve their catalytic performances. Herein, N-, P-co-doped hierarchically porous carbon fiber (NPC–2–800) was prepared by pyrolyzing bamboo pulp in combination with (NH4)2HPO4 and activator K2CO3. It was found that (NH4)2HPO4 not only provides N and P atoms, but also significantly affect the morphology and pore structure of the porous carbon. An appropriate dosage of (NH4)2HPO4 facilitates the formation of hierarchically porous carbon fiber in NPC-2–800. Whereas, the carbon fragments with only micropores were obtained in absence of (NH4)2HPO4. The hierarchical porosity and the co-doping of N and P atoms in the NPC-2–800 contribute to its outstanding catalytic performances in the 4-Nitrophenol (4-NP) reduction assisted by NaBH4. The NPC-2–800 exhibits an attractive turnover frequency (TOF) value of 4.29 × 10–4 mmol mg−1 min−1, a low activation energy (Ea) of 24.76 kJ/mol, and an acceptable recyclability for 7 cycles without obvious decrease in activity. Kinetics analyses suggest that the 4-NP reduction proceeds through the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model. In addition, the NPC-2–800 can also efficiently catalyze the 2-NP and 3-NP reduction. Moreover, in the real water body, the NPC-2–800 also showed superior catalytic activity to catalyze 4-NP reduction. This study provides an efficient catalyst for pollutant conversion and elimination as well as guidelines for designing versatile carbon-based catalysts.

Citation status

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