Recent advances in carbon-based catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia

Cuilian Sun; Xiujing Xing; Jin Li; Wei Xiong; Hao Li

doi:10.1007/s42823-024-00790-6

Recent advances in carbon-based catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia

Carbon Letters
Abbr : Carbon Lett.
2025, 35(1), pp.1~19
DOI : 10.1007/s42823-024-00790-6
Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General
Received : May 21, 2024
Accepted : August 4, 2024
Published : March 28, 2025

Cuilian Sun ¹, Xiujing Xing ², Jin Li ¹, Wei Xiong ¹, Hao Li ³

¹Wuhan Institute of Technology
²University of California
³Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI‑AIMR)

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The damage caused by water pollution has seriously affected human health, in which nitrate is difficult to remove effectively because of its stability and solubility in the water environment. Among the various technologies for nitrate removal, electrocatalytic conversion of nitrate to ammonia is one of the best choice because of its green and efficient nature as well as its ability to “turn waste into treasure”. In recent years, the development of high-performance electrocatalysts to promote the activity of electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (NO3RR) has received extensive attention from researchers. Among various electrocatalytic materials for NO3RR, carbon-based catalysts have become a promising electrocatalyst due to the advantages of affordable price, controllable structure, excellent stability and exceptional reactivity. Focusing on the carbon-based materials, this review summarizes the research progress of carbon-based catalysts for NO3RR in recent years, including heteroatom-doped carbon-based catalysts as well as metal and metal oxide-loaded or modified carbon-based catalysts. Opinions on the current challenges and future research directions of carbon-based catalysts for NO3RR are also presented. This review hopes to provide some references and principles for the design and preparation of carbon-based catalysts for high-performanceNO3RR process.

KEYWORDS

Electrocatalysis, Nitrate reduction reaction, Carbon-based catalysts, Ammonia synthesis

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Carbon Letters 2025 KCI Impact Factor : 0.73 KCI-WoS Impact Factor : 6.26

Recent advances in carbon-based catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia

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This is the result of checking the information with the same ISSN, publication year, volume, and start page between the WoS and the KCI journals. (as of 2026-07-09)

Total Citation Counts(KCI+WOS) (13) This is the number of times that the duplicate count has been removed by comparing the citation list of WoS and KCI.

* References for papers published after 2025 are currently being built.

Carbon Letters 2025 KCI Impact Factor : 0.73 KCI-WoS Impact Factor : 6.26

Recent advances in carbon-based catalysts for electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia

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KCI Citation Counts (0)

WoS Citation Counts (13) This is the result of checking the information with the same ISSN, publication year, volume, and start page between the WoS and the KCI journals. (as of 2026-07-09)

Total Citation Counts(KCI+WOS) (13) This is the number of times that the duplicate count has been removed by comparing the citation list of WoS and KCI.

REFERENCES (172) * References for papers published after 2025 are currently being built.

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Citation

This is the result of checking the information with the same ISSN, publication year, volume, and start page between the WoS and the KCI journals. (as of 2026-07-09)

* References for papers published after 2025 are currently being built.