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A dual-mode fluorescent probe for temperature-sensing and metal ions detection based on castor leaves-derived carbon quantum dots

  • Carbon Letters
  • Abbr : Carbon Lett.
  • 2025, 35(3), pp.1097~1112
  • DOI : 10.1007/s42823-024-00847-6
  • Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
  • Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General
  • Received : August 10, 2024
  • Accepted : January 19, 2025
  • Published : June 5, 2025

Kumar Avinash 1 Kumar Ishant 1 Kumar Sandeep 1 Sharma Anchal 1 Sharma Amit 2 Gathania Arvind K. 1

1Department of Physics and Photonics Science, National Institute of Technology Hamirpur, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh
2Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, New Delhi

Accredited

ABSTRACT

This study incorporates the formation of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) via a hydrothermal approach, recording the first-time use of castor leaves as a natural precursor. The used precursor offers various benefits including novelty, abundance, elemental composition, and biocompatibility. CQDs were further characterized with multiple techniques including high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, Zeta analysis, and optical spectroscopy. They are fundamentally composed of carbon (71.37%), nitrogen (3.91%), and oxygen (24.73%) and are nearly spherical, and uniformly distributed with an average diameter of 2.7 nm. They possess numerous interesting characteristics like broad excitation/emission bands, excitation-sensitive emission, marvelous photostability, reactivity, thermo-sensitivity, etc. A temperature sensor (thermal sensitivity of 0.58% C−1) with repeatability and reversibility of results is also demonstrated. Additionally, they were found selective and sensitive to ions in aqueous solutions. So, they are also utilized as a fluorescent probe for metal ion (Fe3+) sensing. The lowest limit of detection (LOD) value for the current metal ion sensor is 19.1 µM/L.

Citation status

* References for papers published after 2024 are currently being built.