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Marine biomass-derived activated carbon as an electrode material for electric double-layer capacitors

  • Carbon Letters
  • Abbr : Carbon Lett.
  • 2025, 35(3), pp.1221~1233
  • DOI : 10.1007/s42823-024-00854-7
  • Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
  • Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General
  • Received : October 27, 2024
  • Accepted : January 26, 2025
  • Published : June 5, 2025

Choi Jueun 1 Ideta Keiko 1 Yi Hyeonseok 1 Kato Toru 2 Saito Koji 3 Watanabe Hiroko 3 Nakabayashi Koji 4 Miyawaki Jin 4 Kim Yoong Ahm 5 Yoon Seong-Ho 4

1규슈대학교
2Environment and Process Research Department, The Japan Research and Development Center for Metals, 1-5-11 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku
3Nippon Steel Technology Co., Ltd., 1-6-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
4Kyushu University
5전남대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

Marine biomass (MB) offers an environmentally friendly and readily available carbon source from the ocean. However, the high concentration of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) in MB typically reduces the carbon yield and inhibits micropore formation during heat treatment due to catalytic gasification. In this study, we successfully synthesized activated carbon (AC) with a high specific surface area (> 1,500 m2/g) and significant mesopore content (60%, mean pore size: 3.4 nm) from MB by employing preheating, controlled acid purification, and CO₂ activation. The formation of mesopores in the MB-derived AC was driven by catalytic gasification induced by intrinsic and residual AAEMs during preheating and physical activation processes. We evaluated the potential of the MB-derived AC as an electrode material for electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). The material demonstrated high specific capacitance values of 25.9 F/g and 29.4 F/g at 2.7 V and 3.3 V, respectively, during charge–discharge cycles. These high capacitance values at elevated voltages were attributed to the increased number of solvated ions (e.g., 1.93 mmol/g at 3.3 V) present in the mesopores. Fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance (19F solid-state NMR) analysis revealed a substantial increase in solvated ion concentration within the mesopores of the MB-derived AC electrode at 3.3 V, demonstrating enhanced ion mobility and diffusion. These findings highlight the potential of MB-derived AC as a promising electrode material for high-voltage energy storage applications.

Citation status

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