@article{ART003273850},
author={Ravindran Balasubramani and Chang Soon Woong and Maragathavalli S. and Kim Sung Su and Karmegam Natchimuthu and Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain and Rajabathar Jothiramalingam and Al-Lohedan Hamad and Maharaja P. and Thamaraiselvi C.},
title={Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure},
journal={Carbon Letters},
issn={1976-4251},
year={2025},
volume={35},
number={5},
pages={2169-2182},
doi={10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7}
TY - JOUR
AU - Ravindran Balasubramani
AU - Chang Soon Woong
AU - Maragathavalli S.
AU - Kim Sung Su
AU - Karmegam Natchimuthu
AU - Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain
AU - Rajabathar Jothiramalingam
AU - Al-Lohedan Hamad
AU - Maharaja P.
AU - Thamaraiselvi C.
TI - Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure
JO - Carbon Letters
PY - 2025
VL - 35
IS - 5
PB - Korean Carbon Society
SP - 2169
EP - 2182
SN - 1976-4251
AB - A considerable amount of the food is wasted each year, creating an urgent global problem with negative economic and environmental effects. Livestock manure, a by-product of intensive animal farming, can contribute to environmental issues if not properly managed. While biochar, a product of pyrolysis, can speed up the composting process and improve compost quality, sawdust is frequently used in composting to balance the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. This study aimed to investigate the effects of biochar on compost quality in co-composting food waste and swine manure and the influence of raw materials in obtaining good quality ecofriendly compost. Experimental manipulations were conducted both with feedstock materials present and absent. The findings revealed that a biochar concentration of 6% had a positive impact on the composting process. Furthermore, the presence or absence of feedstocks influenced the composting rate and the quality of the compost. Through the addition of biochar, moisture balance and porosity were improved, promoting the growth of beneficial microorganisms. Organic waste can be managed more sustainably and agricultural systems may be improved by keeping it out of landfills and composting it with biochar. According to this study, a proper balance of feedstock composition is equally important to the addition of biochar. The study contributes to the understanding of the composting process and the role of balancing feedstock components for the production of good quality compost.
KW - Biochar;Food waste;Swine manure;Thermal analysis;Compost;Sustainability
DO - 10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
ER -
Ravindran Balasubramani, Chang Soon Woong, Maragathavalli S., Kim Sung Su, Karmegam Natchimuthu, Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam, Al-Lohedan Hamad, Maharaja P. and Thamaraiselvi C.. (2025). Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure. Carbon Letters, 35(5), 2169-2182.
Ravindran Balasubramani, Chang Soon Woong, Maragathavalli S., Kim Sung Su, Karmegam Natchimuthu, Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam, Al-Lohedan Hamad, Maharaja P. and Thamaraiselvi C.. 2025, "Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure", Carbon Letters, vol.35, no.5 pp.2169-2182. Available from: doi:10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
Ravindran Balasubramani, Chang Soon Woong, Maragathavalli S., Kim Sung Su, Karmegam Natchimuthu, Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam, Al-Lohedan Hamad, Maharaja P., Thamaraiselvi C. "Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure" Carbon Letters 35.5 pp.2169-2182 (2025) : 2169.
Ravindran Balasubramani, Chang Soon Woong, Maragathavalli S., Kim Sung Su, Karmegam Natchimuthu, Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam, Al-Lohedan Hamad, Maharaja P., Thamaraiselvi C.. Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure. 2025; 35(5), 2169-2182. Available from: doi:10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
Ravindran Balasubramani, Chang Soon Woong, Maragathavalli S., Kim Sung Su, Karmegam Natchimuthu, Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam, Al-Lohedan Hamad, Maharaja P. and Thamaraiselvi C.. "Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure" Carbon Letters 35, no.5 (2025) : 2169-2182.doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
Ravindran Balasubramani; Chang Soon Woong; Maragathavalli S.; Kim Sung Su; Karmegam Natchimuthu; Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain; Rajabathar Jothiramalingam; Al-Lohedan Hamad; Maharaja P.; Thamaraiselvi C.. Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure. Carbon Letters, 35(5), 2169-2182. doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
Ravindran Balasubramani; Chang Soon Woong; Maragathavalli S.; Kim Sung Su; Karmegam Natchimuthu; Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain; Rajabathar Jothiramalingam; Al-Lohedan Hamad; Maharaja P.; Thamaraiselvi C.. Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure. Carbon Letters. 2025; 35(5) 2169-2182. doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
Ravindran Balasubramani, Chang Soon Woong, Maragathavalli S., Kim Sung Su, Karmegam Natchimuthu, Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam, Al-Lohedan Hamad, Maharaja P., Thamaraiselvi C.. Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure. 2025; 35(5), 2169-2182. Available from: doi:10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
Ravindran Balasubramani, Chang Soon Woong, Maragathavalli S., Kim Sung Su, Karmegam Natchimuthu, Dowlath Mohammed Junaid Hussain, Rajabathar Jothiramalingam, Al-Lohedan Hamad, Maharaja P. and Thamaraiselvi C.. "Synergistic effects of biochar and the importance of feedstock composition during co-composting food waste and livestock manure" Carbon Letters 35, no.5 (2025) : 2169-2182.doi: 10.1007/s42823-025-00913-7
