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Effect of introduction of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear resistance of FeCoNiCuAl particles reinforcing aluminum matrix composites via friction stir processing

  • Carbon Letters
  • Abbr : Carbon Lett.
  • 2025, 35(6), pp.3005~3021
  • DOI : 10.1007/s42823-025-00973-9
  • Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
  • Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General
  • Received : June 18, 2025
  • Accepted : August 20, 2025
  • Published : December 11, 2025

Dongchen Zhao 1,  Xiaofeng Yu 1,  Zhongyuan Suo 1,  Tingqu Li 1,  Wencui Xiu 2,  Baoming Yao 1,  Zihao Chen 1,  Jizhao Yu 1

1Jilin University of Chemical Technology
2JiLin Agricultural Science and Technology University

Accredited

ABSTRACT

In this study, GNPs/FeCoNiCuAl particles synergistically reinforced aluminum matrix composites are developed by friction stir processing (FSP) to explore the effects of different GNPs contents (1, 3, and 5%) on the microstructure, mechanical performance, and wear resistance of the materials. The results show that the incorporation of GNPs affects the formation of the diffusion layer between the FeCoNiCuAl particles and the aluminum matrix. As the content of GNPs increases, the thickness and integrity of the diffusion layer between FeCoNiCuAl particles and aluminum matrix gradually decrease. In addition, the introduction of GNPs is beneficial in enhancing the proportion of high-angle grain boundaries in the composites, but the grain size of the specimen increases slightly to about 5.5 μm at a content of 5% GNPs. When the content of GNPs is 1%, the composites achieve the highest microhardness and the lowest specific wear rate (0.1459 × 10⁻⁶ mm3/N·m), with the wear mechanism dominated by abrasive wear. Nonetheless, when the GNPs content in the composite increases to 5%, the thickness and integrity of the diffusion layer are minimal, causing the tensile strength of the composite to be reduced to 250 MPa, and the specific wear rate increased to 0.4244 × 10–6 (mm3/N·m), with the wear mechanism transformed to abrasive–adhesive mixed wear. This study demonstrates that the appropriate ratio of GNPs and FeCoNiCuAl particles can effectively enhance the mechanical and wear resistance properties of aluminum matrix composites, providing a theoretical basis for the design and development of high-performance aluminum matrix composites.

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