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Synthesis and antitumor efficacy of biodegradable hollow mesoporous carbon nanocarriers

  • Carbon Letters
  • Abbr : Carbon Lett.
  • 2026, 36(1), pp.423~440
  • DOI : 10.1007/s42823-025-00995-3
  • Publisher : Korean Carbon Society
  • Research Area : Natural Science > Natural Science General > Other Natural Sciences General
  • Received : June 28, 2025
  • Accepted : December 19, 2025
  • Published : February 1, 2026

Zhang Yuling 1 Zhao Zhihao 1 Chen Yanbing 1 Zhang Jiaru 2 Su Xiao 1 Meng Lanxin 3 Xie Zhenzhen 1 Liu Zhiyong 1 Sun Shiguo 3

1Shihezi University
2Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Drug Evaluation and Inspection Center
3College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The inherent non-degradation and potential toxicity of pure carbon nanomaterials in vivo remain the main obstacles to clinical translation. This study attempts to prepare a novel biodegradable caramelized hollow mesoporous carbon nanospheres (CHMCNs) with mesoporous shells and a large cavity, which can be decomposed into small particles (~ 5 nm) within 7 days under physiological conditions. By varying the synthesis parameters and templates, CHMCNs with different morphologies can be obtained to meet different application requirements. Meanwhile, CHMCNs exhibit excellent biocompatibility and high drug-loading efficiency, enabling effective delivery of anticancer drugs (DOX) into cells. In addition, due to the good photothermal efficiency (PTT, 29.7%), CHMCNs facilitate pH/NIR dual-responsive drug release under NIR irradiation, resulting in an excellent synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy effect. The results indicate that CHMCNs is a promising drug delivery carrier. In conclusion, this work addresses the non-degradable defects of traditional mesoporous carbon nanomaterials (MCN) and proposes a novel nanocarrier system for tumor treatment.

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