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Why is welfare becoming a rising issue in Korea? : Study on the Causes of the Rise of Welfare Discourse focusing on Korea's unique characteristics

  • Civil Society and NGO
  • 2015, 13(2), pp.193~228
  • Publisher : The Third Sector Institute
  • Research Area : Social Science > Social Science in general > Other Social Science in general

김용현 1 Son Young-woo 2

1충남연구원
2서울시립대학교

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse why welfare discourse is becoming one of the hottest issues in Korea. First, the thesis will examine the changing roles of states ranging from the birth of states to the birth of welfare stats in Western Europe. Next, it will study the reality of social welfare in Korea comparing the welfare system of Korea after its liberation from Japanese rule to that of Western Europe. It can be said that welfare states in the Western Europe were born as a result of a class compromise between capital and labor after the rise of nation states and industrialization. Korea as a state, however, made ceaseless efforts to prevent the working class from taking political power. The working class with political power is the prerequisite of welfare development. Modern states in Western Europe had the Janus-like character of oppressing and extorting working classes while giving more benefits to them at the same time. However, things were different in Korea. The state went through changes from an overdeveloped state, to a developing state, to an authoritarian state, and to a procedural democratic country. During the period of such changes, the state continued to work as a repression mechanism against democratization. Welfare politics can't be born in such a state. The reason why a welfare state has become one of the hottest political, social, and economic issues in Korea can be found in those unique characteristics of the state. The thesis will explore the future direction of the poorly developed welfare system of Korean based on them .

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