@article{ART003371610},
author={Hyeyoung Park and Areum Oh and Hwalbin Kim},
title={Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status},
journal={Health Communication Research},
issn={2093-2707},
year={2026},
volume={25},
number={2},
pages={1-33},
doi={10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1}
TY - JOUR
AU - Hyeyoung Park
AU - Areum Oh
AU - Hwalbin Kim
TI - Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status
JO - Health Communication Research
PY - 2026
VL - 25
IS - 2
PB - Korea Health Communication Association
SP - 1
EP - 33
SN - 2093-2707
AB - This study explored how factors derived from the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Prototype-Willingness Model (PWM) were associated with adolescents’ situational smoking willingness and current smoking status. Secondary survey data from 1,030 adolescents were analyzed, with current smoking status classified into three groups: non-smokers, former smokers, and current smokers. The results revealed significant differences across smoking status groups in favorable attitudes toward smoking, subjective norms, positive and negative smoker prototypes, and smoking willingness. In the hierarchical regression analysis, favorable attitudes toward smoking and positive smoker prototypes were significantly and positively associated with smoking willingness, and the addition of PWM-related factors significantly increased the explained variance. In the multinomial logistic regression analysis, both factors significantly distinguished former smokers and current smokers from non-smokers, while subjective norms distinguished current smokers from non-smokers. By examining the associations of factors derived from both TPB and PWM, this study suggests that adolescent smoking prevention communication should simultaneously address positive expectancies regarding smoking, smoker images, permissive norms, and specific situations that may trigger smoking.
KW - adolescent smoking;smoking willingness;Theory of Planned Behavior;Prototype-Willingness Model;smoker prototype
DO - 10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
ER -
Hyeyoung Park, Areum Oh and Hwalbin Kim. (2026). Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status. Health Communication Research, 25(2), 1-33.
Hyeyoung Park, Areum Oh and Hwalbin Kim. 2026, "Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status", Health Communication Research, vol.25, no.2 pp.1-33. Available from: doi:10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
Hyeyoung Park, Areum Oh, Hwalbin Kim "Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status" Health Communication Research 25.2 pp.1-33 (2026) : 1.
Hyeyoung Park, Areum Oh, Hwalbin Kim. Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status. 2026; 25(2), 1-33. Available from: doi:10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
Hyeyoung Park, Areum Oh and Hwalbin Kim. "Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status" Health Communication Research 25, no.2 (2026) : 1-33.doi: 10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
Hyeyoung Park; Areum Oh; Hwalbin Kim. Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status. Health Communication Research, 25(2), 1-33. doi: 10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
Hyeyoung Park; Areum Oh; Hwalbin Kim. Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status. Health Communication Research. 2026; 25(2) 1-33. doi: 10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
Hyeyoung Park, Areum Oh, Hwalbin Kim. Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status. 2026; 25(2), 1-33. Available from: doi:10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
Hyeyoung Park, Areum Oh and Hwalbin Kim. "Is Adolescent Smoking a Planned Choice or a Situational Reaction? An Exploratory Analysis of TPB- and PWM-Related Factors, Smoking Willingness, and Current Smoking Status" Health Communication Research 25, no.2 (2026) : 1-33.doi: 10.24172/hcr.2026.25.2.1
