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@article{ART001910786},
author={Seok Huajeong},
title={The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia},
journal={military history},
issn={1598-317X},
year={2014},
number={92},
pages={199-232},
doi={10.29212/mh.2014..92.199}

TY - JOUR
AU - Seok Huajeong
TI - The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia
JO - military history
PY - 2014
VL - null
IS - 92
PB - Military History Institute, MND
SP - 199
EP - 232
SN - 1598-317X
AB - The third secret treaty which Russia and Japan signed on July 8, 1912, maximized the imperial interests in two countries compared to the previous Treaty of 1907. After the secret agreement with Japan, Russian government considered the consolidation of Mongolia and northern Manchuria as a buffer area against China through Russo-Mongolian Treaty in 1912 and the Declaration and Exchange of Notes by Russia and China in 1913. ‘Automous Mongolia’ under the suzerainty of China was ratified in 1915 at the Tripartite Treaty of Kiakhta by Mongolia, Russia, and China. In reality, Russia had assumed that China would played a role in acting as the guarantor of Outer Mongolian autonomy. Inner Mongolia, however, lost its local autonomy forever. Mongolia might think that it cleverly was making use of China and Russia to advance its own interests, but it was evident that these two big powers in the early twentieth century had their own agendas for holding their private negotiations on Mongolia’s sovereignty. In short, the Russo-Japanese Secret Treaty and the Russo-Chinese cooperation as their outcome, served to deny Mongolian independence and sovereignty. As the pawn of imperialistic geopolitics, Mongolia had to bear the result of the Russian-Japanese-Chinese conspiracy and cooperation over its independence and sovereignty and try to barely survived on the edge of the balance of power.
KW - Russo-Japanese Secret Treaty;Anglo-Japanese Alliance;Anglo-American Arbitration;General Arbitration Treaty;Mongolia(Mongol;Outer Mongolia);Russian-Mongolian Treaty;Declaration and Exchange of Notes by Russia and China;Tripartite Treaty of Kiakhta;Japanese Annexation of Korea;Triple Ententes
DO - 10.29212/mh.2014..92.199
ER -

Seok Huajeong. (2014). The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia. military history, 92, 199-232.

Seok Huajeong. 2014, "The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia", military history, no.92, pp.199-232. Available from: doi:10.29212/mh.2014..92.199

Seok Huajeong "The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia" military history 92 pp.199-232 (2014) : 199.

Seok Huajeong. The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia. 2014; 92 : 199-232. Available from: doi:10.29212/mh.2014..92.199

Seok Huajeong. "The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia" military history no.92(2014) : 199-232.doi: 10.29212/mh.2014..92.199

Seok Huajeong. The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia. military history, 92, 199-232. doi: 10.29212/mh.2014..92.199

Seok Huajeong. The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia. military history. 2014; 92 199-232. doi: 10.29212/mh.2014..92.199

Seok Huajeong. The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia. 2014; 92 : 199-232. Available from: doi:10.29212/mh.2014..92.199

Seok Huajeong. "The Russo-Japanese Secret Agreement and Russia’s Policy toward Mongolia" military history no.92(2014) : 199-232.doi: 10.29212/mh.2014..92.199