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The Pacific War and Changes in the Strategic Values of the Government of the Republic of China

Hyungah Jung 1

1국방부군사편찬연구소

Accredited

ABSTRACT

The 20th century was marred by a series of wars, being called “the century of wars.” These wars played a sufficient role in changing many countries around the world, their diplomatic environments and national fate. In particular, wars take away and restore a county’s international position whether voluntarily or forcibly. One of the most notable cases can be found in China which was the most powerful country in the history of Asia. In a chaotic state following the plunder of imperialism and changes in its internal system in the 19th century, China lost its past authority in the international community and became a semi-colonial state. Wars in the 20th century also gave China chances to change itself. This study focused on this point, and, especially, on the Pacific War, among the wars that affected China in the 20th century, as the central background of the discussion. The study aimed to discuss what the Pacific War gave the Republic of China, and, in particular, what kind of changes there were in international relations. ‘What kind of opportunities did the Pacific War give to China?’ First, from its positive aspects, physical and human resources were definitely given to China to continue the war and stabilize the country. China was also able to put its name on the list of the world’s top 4 powers in the international community. However, since the cost of the Soviet-Japanese War had to be paid by China, the status of China as one of the World’s top 4 powers began to be doubted. As a result, changes in the strategic values of China that the United States expected from China opened a way for China to become a powerful nation, but they also resulted in the distorted phenomenon in which China, as an ally of the Soviet Union, had to sacrifice the national interest. Consequentially, the Republic of China benefited from the state of war upon the outbreak of the Pacific War, but, at the same time, it had to give up its national interest due to the situation right before the end of the war – the dispatch of Soviet troops to Manchuria.

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